Effects of sleep and sleep deficiency on autonomic function in humans

Yang, Huan; Goldstein, Michael R.; Vazquez, Michael; Williams, Jonathan P.; Mullington, Janet

doi:10.1016/j.coemr.2021.03.023

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…We found that sleeping 7-8 hours per night was associated with better ANS regulation than was sleeping other durations. These findings are consistent with those of previous studies [15][16][17][18][19]32,33], which showed that longer or shorter sleep durations can cause ANS dysregulation [8,13,23,28,34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Acetylcholine neurotransmitter levels are positively correlated with PSNS activity, suggesting that a reduction in nighttime PSNS activity is a key indicator of a decrease in dementia severity [10,[24][25][26]. Higher PSNS activation at night may indicate good sleep quality [9,27,28]. Reduced sleep duration and SWS activity impair the restoration of the frontal lobe; conversely, treatments for sleep quality that may facilitate amyloid-beta clearance and promote SWS have focused on memory encoding and consolidation [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HRV refers to the complex variation in heart rate that is produced by the interaction between the SNS and PSNS (vagal) neural activity at the sinus node [9,10,23,29,31]. Previous research has shown that sympathovagal balance is positively correlated with sleep apnea, insomnia, RLS, PLMD, and RBD [28]. HRV can be measured noninvasively and is used in sleep and cardiovascular research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Sleep Duration on Autonomic Nervous System Regulation in Patients with Plausible Alzheimer: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Liu,

Yang,

Sharma

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration, dementia severity, age, and ANS regulation. This cross-sectional pilot study included 27 older patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease, hospitalized at a psychiatric center. We measured heart rate variability to assess ANS regulation at night, evaluated dementia severity using the Clinical Dementia Rating scale, and obtained sleep duration data from sleep diaries maintained by psychiatric nurses. The data were analyzed using repeated-measures generalized linear models with age, sex, dementia severity, and medication (antipsychotics) as covariates. A sleep duration of 7–8 h per night was associated with better ANS regulation than other sleep durations, as indicated by sympathovagal balance (p = 0.005). ANS dysregulation was characterized by a 20.7% increase in sympathetic nervous system activity and a 14.8% decrease in parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) activity. We found a significant correlation between dementia severity and PSNS activity (p = 0.04) and observed an inverted U-shaped association between sleep duration and ANS regulation. This pilot study demonstrated that a sleep duration of 7–8 h per night may be critical in maintaining optimal ANS regulation. Bidirectional associations between sleep duration, inadequate sleep duration, aging, and ANS regulation warrant further investigation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Sleep Duration on Autonomic Nervous System Regulation in Patients with Plausible Alzheimer: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Liu,

Yang,

Sharma

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…By contrast, hyperarousal states have been associated with reduced activation of the brain regions that underlie cognitive control in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex [18]. Enhancing PSNS activation at night can be used as an index of the sleep quality [4,8,9,17].…”

Section: Bml Therapy Is More Effective For Severe Dementia-enhanced P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bright Morning Light Enhances Parasympathetic Activity at Night: A Pilot Study of Older People with Dementia, without a Pacemaker

Liu¹,

Kuo²,

Jou³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Bright morning light (BML) entrains the body clock, modulates circadian rhythm, and improves sleep-wake disturbances. However, its impact on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) at night remains unclear. Hence, we investigated the effects of BML exposure on activities of the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) at night. This non-randomized controlled pilot study included participants ≥60 years, diagnosed with a type of dementia or cognitive disorder. We excluded participants with pacemakers. The treatment group received 2500 lx BML, whereas the control group received approximately 200 lx of general lighting. We measured the heart rate variability to quantify ANS activity. The treatment group displayed significantly increased high-frequency (HF) power (Roy's largest root=2.44; P<.01) and insignificantly decreased normalized low-frequency (LF%) power. The corresponding low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), insignificant decrease, and cognitive function were correlated with PSNS activity (Roy's largest root=3.92; P<.01), which is effective for moderate dementia. BML exposure reduced SNS activity and enhanced PSNS activity at night, which consequently affected cognitive function. Furthermore, the light washout intervention markedly increased SNS activity at night. BML therapy may be a useful clinical tool for alleviating the deterioration of cognitive function.

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“…Exposure to BML induces advances in sleep onset, delays sleep offset [ 17 ], and improves cognitive function [ 13 , 18 ] in older adults with dementia. Therefore, sleep quality can be used as an index of PSNS activation and SNS deactivation at night [ 6 , 10 , 11 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bright Morning Lighting Enhancing Parasympathetic Activity at Night: A Pilot Study on Elderly Female Patients with Dementia without a Pacemaker

et al. 2023

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Exposure to bright morning light (BML) entrains the master circadian clock, modulates physiological circadian rhythms, and reduces sleep–wake disturbances. However, its impact on the autonomic nervous system at night remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of BML exposure on parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity at night in elderly women. This nonrandomized controlled pilot study included female participants aged ≥ 60 years who were diagnosed with a type of dementia or cognitive disorder, excluding individuals with pacemakers. The treatment group was exposed to 2500 lx of BML, whereas the control group was exposed to 200 lx of general lighting. We measured heart rate variability to quantify ANS activity. The treatment group displayed significant increases in high-frequency (HF) power (Roy’s largest root = 1.62; p < 0.001) and nonsignificant decreases in normalized low-frequency (LF%) power. The corresponding nonsignificant decreases in the low-frequency/high-frequency (LF/HF) ratio and cognitive function were correlated with PSNS activity (Roy’s largest root = 1.41; p < 0.001), which improved severe dementia. BML exposure reduced SNS activity and enhanced PSNS activity at night in female participants, which improved cognitive function. Thus, BML therapy may be a useful clinical tool for alleviating cognitive decline.

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Effects of sleep and sleep deficiency on autonomic function in humans

Cited by 6 publications

References 70 publications

Effect of Sleep Duration on Autonomic Nervous System Regulation in Patients with Plausible Alzheimer: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Effect of Sleep Duration on Autonomic Nervous System Regulation in Patients with Plausible Alzheimer: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Bright Morning Light Enhances Parasympathetic Activity at Night: A Pilot Study of Older People with Dementia, without a Pacemaker

Bright Morning Lighting Enhancing Parasympathetic Activity at Night: A Pilot Study on Elderly Female Patients with Dementia without a Pacemaker

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