Effects of Single Cell Protein Replacing Fish Meal in Diet on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Intestinal Morphology in Weaned Pigs

Abstract

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the ME value, standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) of fish meal, and the effects of single cell protein (Prosin and Protide) replacing fish meal in diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology in weaned piglets. In Exp. 1, twenty-four barrows with initial BW of 30.8±2.6 kg were allotted to one of four dietary treatments. Diet 1 contained corn as the only energy source. The other three diets replaced 20% of the corn in diet 1 with one of the three protein feeds (fish meal, Prosin and Protide), and the DE and ME contents were determined by difference. In Exp. 2, eight barrows (initial BW of 25.6±3.2 kg) were fitted with ileal T-cannulas and allotted to a replicated 4×4 Latin square design. Three cornstarch-based diets were formulated using each of the protein feeds as the sole source of AA. A nitrogen-free diet was also formulated to measure endogenous losses of AA. In Exp. 3, one hundred and eighty piglets (initial BW of 7.95±1.59 kg) weaned at 28±2 d were blocked by weight and assigned to one of five treatments for a 28-d growth performance study, each treatment was fed to six pens with six pigs (three barrows and three gilts) per pen. The five treatments consisted of the control group (CON), which was a corn-soybean meal diet containing 5% fish meal, and the other four treatments, which replaced a set amount of fish meal with either Prosin (2.5% or 5%) or Protide (2.5% or 5%). The diets were formulated to provide same nutrient levels. The results showed that on a DM basis, both of the DE and ME contents were lower in Prosin and Protide than that of fish meal (p<0.05). The SID of CP and all essential AA were greater in fish meal than in Prosin and Protide (p<0.05). The pigs fed CON diet had greater weight gain and lower feed conversion rate (FCR) than pigs fed 5% Prosin and 5% Protide diets (p<0.05). The digestibility of CP was greater in pigs fed CON, 2.5% Prosin and 2.5% Protide diets than the pigs fed 5% Prosin and 5% Protide diets (p<0.05). Villus height in jejunum and ileum, and villus height to crypt depth ratio in the jejunum were higher (p<0.05) in pigs fed CON, 2.5% Prosin and 2.5% Protide diets compared with the 5% Prosin and 5% Protide diets. Pigs fed CON diet had greater villus height to crypt depth ratio in the ileum than the pigs fed 5% Prosin and 5% Protide diets (p<0.05). In conclusion, although Prosin and Protide contained lower ME content and SID of AA than fish meal, Prosin and Protide replacing 50% of fish meal in diet with identical nutrient levels could obtain similar performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs.

Effects of Hydrolysable Tannins as Zinc Oxide Substitutes on Antioxidant Status, Immune Function, Intestinal Morphology, and Digestive Enzyme Activities in Weaned Piglets

“…Intestinal villi size is important for nutritional digestion and absorption as longer villi possess a larger surface area for absorption [29]. Bilić-Šobot et al [10] showed that supplementation of HT increased villus height and villus perimeter of the duodenum.…”

Effects of dietary <i>Corynebacterium ammoniagenes</i>-derived single cell protein on growth performance, blood and tibia bone characteristics, and meat quality of broiler chickens

“…It contains crude protein (609 g CP · kg −1 dry matter (DM)), ether extract (79 g EE · kg −1 DM) and balanced amino acids. In comparison with fishmeal it is characterized by lower lysine content (Zhang et al, 2013). Zhang et al (2013) further reported that C. ammoniagenes-ABSTRACT.…”

“…In comparison with fishmeal it is characterized by lower lysine content (Zhang et al, 2013). Zhang et al (2013) further reported that C. ammoniagenes-ABSTRACT. In total six hundred, day-old Ross 308 male broiler chickens were fed one of four diets containing 0, 10, 30 or 50 g of Corynebacterium ammoniagenes-derived single cell protein (SCP) per kg for 35 days to investigate the effect of graded level of SCP on growth performance, organ weights, serum and tibia characteristics, and meat quality.…”

Energy concentration and phosphorus digestibility in yeast products produced from the ethanol industry, and in brewers' yeast, fish meal, and soybean meal fed to growing pigs1

“…Feed ingredients of animal origin such as fish meal are therefore often used in diets fed to weanling pigs instead of soybean meal (Stoner et al, 1990;Kim and Easter, 2001). However, brewers' yeast or single-cell yeast protein may also be used in diets fed to weanling pigs (White et al, 2002;Zhang et al, 2013). Single-cell yeast protein may be produced using different technologies (Øverland and Skrede, 2012).…”