Effects of Single Cage Housing on Stress, Cognitive, and Seizure Parameters in the Rat and Mouse Pilocarpine Models of Epilepsy

Manouze, Houria; Ghestem, Antoine; Poillerat, Victoria; Bennis, Mohamed; Ba‐M’hamed, Saadia; Benoliel, J.J.; Becker, C.; Bernard, Christophe

doi:10.1523/eneuro.0179-18.2019

Cited by 114 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…All mice were group-housed (four to six per cage) prior to surgery under a 12 h light-dark cycle (light on from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.) with ad libitum access to food and water. The mice were individually housed after surgery for a better recovery and meanwhile reducing the failure rate of electrodes implantation, although singly housed animals showed stress and worse epilepsy phenotype 64 . All behavior experiments were performed each day between 9:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A disinhibitory nigra-parafascicular pathway amplifies seizure in temporal lobe epilepsy

Chen

Wang

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

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The precise circuit of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) involved in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is still unclear. Here we found that optogenetic or chemogenetic activation of SNr parvalbumin + (PV) GABAergic neurons amplifies seizure activities in kindling-and kainic acid-induced TLE models, whereas selective inhibition of these neurons alleviates seizure activities. The severity of seizures is bidirectionally regulated by optogenetic manipulation of SNr PV fibers projecting to the parafascicular nucleus (PF). Electrophysiology combined with rabies virus-assisted circuit mapping shows that SNr PV neurons directly project to and functionally inhibit posterior PF GABAergic neurons. Activity of these neurons also regulates seizure activity. Collectively, our results reveal that a long-range SNr-PF disinhibitory circuit participates in regulating seizure in TLE and inactivation of this circuit can alleviate severity of epileptic seizures. These findings provide a better understanding of pathological changes from a circuit perspective and suggest a possibility to precisely control epilepsy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A disinhibitory nigra-parafascicular pathway amplifies seizure in temporal lobe epilepsy

Chen

Wang

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

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“…Due to an increase in corticosterone levels and anxiety behaviors previously observed in mice during forced exercise studies, which may interfere with any exercise benefits, we chose voluntary running using a running wheel [13]. Although the voluntary running paradigm necessitated housing animals individually, which has been shown to increase stress in some studies while decreasing it in others, wheel running ensured that the exercise itself would not induce stress and allows for both a direct measurement of running distance (for a single animal) and more opportunity for exercise (without competition) [24,25]. Additionally, many different strains of non-mutant laboratory mice display large increases in hippocampal neurogenesis from running when singly housed [21], so the effect of social isolation on exercise-induced brain adaptations in mice is not sufficient to outweigh certain benefits.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Voluntary wheel running has no impact on brain and liver mitochondrial DNA copy number or mutation measures in the PolG mouse model of aging

et al. 2020

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The mitochondrial theory of aging attributes much of the aging process to mitochondrial DNA damage. The polymerase gamma (PolG) mutant mouse was designed to evaluate this theory and thus carries a mutated proofreading region of polymerase gamma (D257A) that exclusively transcribes the mitochondrial genome. As a result, PolG D257A mice accumulate mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations that lead to premature aging, as evidenced by hair loss, weight loss, kyphosis, increased rates of apoptosis, organ damage, and an early death, occurring around 12 months of age. Research has shown that exercise decreases skeletal muscle mtDNA mutations and normalizes protein levels in PolG mice. However, brain mtDNA changes with exercise in PolG mice have not been studied. We found no effects of exercise on mtDNA mutations or copy number in either the brain or liver of PolG mice, despite changes to body mass. Our results suggest that mitochondrial mutations play little role in exercise-brain interactions in the PolG model of accelerated aging. In addition to evaluating the effect of exercise on mtDNA outcomes, we also implemented novel methods for both extracting mtDNA and measuring mtDNA mutations, with aims for improving the efficiency and accuracy of these methods.

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“…The reason for this high rate of USV vocalizing animals in the present study might be related to their housing condition, as animals implanted with electrodes were housed individually. It has been shown that single housing increases anxiety and biological markers of stress as compared to social housing (Arakawa, 2018;Manouze et al, 2019) and the amount of USV emission is enhanced when the level of anxiety is increased (Wöhr et al, 2005). Indeed, more anxious rats (as assessed through the elevated plus maze) were shown to exhibit more freezing and to be more likely to vocalize than less anxious animals (Borta et al, 2006).…”

Section: Interval Timing and Level Of Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiration and brain neural dynamics associated with interval timing during odor fear learning in rats

Dupin¹,

Garcia²,

Messaoudi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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In fear conditioning, where a conditioned stimulus predicts the arrival of an aversive stimulus, the animal encodes the time interval between the two stimuli. Freezing, the most used index to assess learned fear, lacks the temporal resolution required to investigate interval timing at the early stages of learning. Here we monitored respiration to visualize anticipatory behavioral responses in an odor fear conditioning in rats, while recording theta (5-15Hz) and gamma (40-80Hz) brain oscillatory activities in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), basolateral amygdala (BLA), dorsomedial striatum (DMS) and olfactory piriform cortex (PIR). We investigated the temporal patterns of respiration frequency and of theta and gamma activity power during the odor-shock interval. We found that akin to respiration patterns, theta temporal curves were modulated by the duration of the odor-shock interval in the four recording sites, and respected scalar property in mPFC and DMS. In contrast, gamma temporal curves were modulated by the interval duration only in the mPFC, and in a manner that did not respect scalar property. This suggests a preferential role for theta rhythm in interval timing. In addition, our data bring the novel idea that the respiratory rhythm might take part in the setting of theta activity dynamics.

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Effects of Single Cage Housing on Stress, Cognitive, and Seizure Parameters in the Rat and Mouse Pilocarpine Models of Epilepsy

Cited by 114 publications

References 73 publications

A disinhibitory nigra-parafascicular pathway amplifies seizure in temporal lobe epilepsy

A disinhibitory nigra-parafascicular pathway amplifies seizure in temporal lobe epilepsy

Voluntary wheel running has no impact on brain and liver mitochondrial DNA copy number or mutation measures in the PolG mouse model of aging

Respiration and brain neural dynamics associated with interval timing during odor fear learning in rats

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