Effects of simulated digestion on the structural characteristics and dendritic cell activation of longan polysaccharides

Wang, Shengwei; Chen, Jun-Cheng; Feng, Chao; Lan, Haibo; Xu, Jucai; Yang, Ruili; Li, Congfa; Li, Wu

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124114

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Macrophages are the primary effector cells of intestinal mucosal immunity, capable of sensing intestinal antigens and participating in intestinal immune responses [ 21 , 22 ]. Previous studies have indicated that longan polysaccharides can reach the intestine in an undigested form without significant changes in immunomodulatory activity [ 6 ]. Longan polysaccharides may exert immunomodulatory activity by activating macrophages within the intestinal immune system [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polysaccharides are essential macromolecules that significantly contribute to the growth and vigor of living organisms [ 1 ]. Pharmacological studies have shown that numerous natural polysaccharides exhibit notable biological and pharmacological activities, including anticoagulant [ 2 ], anti-tumor [ 3 ], antidiabetic [ 4 ], and prebiotic activities [ 5 ] and immunomodulatory properties [ 6 ]. Owing to their safety and non-toxicity, certain bioactive polysaccharides have been widely used in functional foods and clinical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Study on the Mechanism of Macrophage Activation Induced by Polysaccharides from Fresh and Dried Longan

Wang,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Longan (Dimcarpus longan Lour.) is a kind of traditional fruit used as a medicine and a food. Fresh longan is primarily consumed as a fruit, whereas dried longan is commonly employed for medicinal purposes. The differences in the immunomodulatory activities and mechanisms of polysaccharides between dried and fresh longan remain unclear. The present study comparatively analyzed the mechanisms of macrophage activation induced by polysaccharides from dried (LPG) and fresh longan (LPX). The results revealed that LPG and LPX differentially promoted macrophage phagocytosis and the secretion of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. RNA-seq analysis revealed that LPG and LPX differentially affected gene expression in macrophages. The LPG treatment identified Tnf and chemokine-related genes as core genes, while myd88 and interferon-related genes were the core genes affected by LPX. A comprehensive analysis of the differentially expressed genes showed that LPG initiated macrophage activation primarily through the TLR2/4-mediated TRAM/TRAF6 and CLR-mediated Src/Raf1 NF-κB signaling pathways. LPX initiated macrophage activation predominantly via the CLR-mediated Bcl10/MALT1 and NLR-mediated Rip2/TAK1 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Interestingly, the non-classical NF-κB signaling pathway was activated by polysaccharides in both dried and fresh longan to elicit a slow, mild immune response. LPG tends to promote immune cell migration to engage in the immune response, while LPX facilitates antigen presentation to promote T cell activation. These findings contribute insights into the mechanisms underlying the differences in bioactivity between dried and fresh longan and their potential applications in immune-enhancing strategies and functional-food development.

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