Effects of Silymarin on the Acute Stage of the Trinitrobenzenesulphonic Acid Model of Rat Colitis

Cruz, T.; Gálvez, Júlio; Crespo, E; Ma, Ocete; Zarzuelo, Antonio

doi:10.1055/s-2001-10620

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The incidence of side effects is very low and they are mostly limited to some gastrointestinal symptoms like bloating and dyspepsia [25]. Supporting the present data, silymarin has been found to have positive effects in the acute stage of a rat model of colitis in comparison to sulfasalazine [53], when tested in doses different to the present doses and measuring other biomarkers like colonic glutathione.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

On the benefits of silymarin in murine colitis by improving balance of destructive cytokines and reduction of toxic stress in the bowel cells

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial disease with an unknown etiology characterized by oxidative stress, leukocyte infiltration and a rise in inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we have investigated the effects of silymarin, a mixture of several flavonolignans with established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, on trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. Experimental colitis was induced in male Wistar-albino rats by delivering TNBS to the distal colon. All the medicines were administered by gavage for seven days. Thirty-six male rats were divided into six groups containing six rats in each one. Control rats received only TNBS. In the treated groups, animals were given different doses of silymarin (40, 80, and 160 mg/kg). Dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) was used as the positive treatment. Colonic status was investigated seven days post induction of colitis through macroscopic, histological, and biochemical analyses. Amelioration of the morphological signs including macroscopic damage, necrotic area, and histology were seen subsequent to treating animals with silymarin. These observations were accompanied by a significant reduction in the degree of both neutrophil infiltration, indicated by decreased myeloperoxidase activity, and lipid peroxidation, as measured by a decline in malodialdehyde content in inflamed colon as well as a decrease in levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β). The results of the present study reveal that the beneficial effect of silymarin in bowel cells is mediated through its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

On the benefits of silymarin in murine colitis by improving balance of destructive cytokines and reduction of toxic stress in the bowel cells

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…23) Moreover, the colonic tissue AP activity has been used to differentiate Crohn's disease from ulcerative colitis, because their AP enzymatic activity to be higher than Crohn's disease. 31) In the present study it was observed a higher AP activity in the colon from colitic animals compared to the non-colitic animals from acute intestinal inflammation model induced by TNBS/ ethanol, as well as demonstrated by Cruz et al 32) The intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of coumarin (5, 50 mg/kg), 4-hydroxycoumarin (5, 10, 25 mg/kg) and sulphasalazine (25 mg/kg) was evidenced also by the significant reduction of the AP enzymatic activity compared to control animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Several poliphenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, also shown non dose-dependent response in TNBS model of rat colitis, probably due to produce in lower doses antioxidant effects and higher doses pro-oxidant effects. 13,37,[40][41][42] In addition, several phenols have a dual effect on prostaglandin H synthase, with low concentrations stimulating and high concentrations inhibiting this enzyme. 43) Phenols stimulate prostaglandin H synthase by acting as reducing substrates for the oxidized intermediates of prostaglandin biosynthesis, thereby accelerating the peroxidase cycle and by functioning as electron-donating cosubstrates for the peroxidase component of prostaglandin synthase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Anti-inflammatory Activity of Coumarin and 4-Hydroxycoumarin in the Trinitrobenzenesulphonic Acid Model of Rat Colitis

Luchini

Rodrigues-Orsi

Cestari

et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coumarins represent an important class of phenolic compounds with multiple biological activities, including inhibition of lipidic peroxidation and neutrophil-dependent anion superoxide generation, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressor actions. All of these proprieties are essential for that a drug may be used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The present study examined intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of coumarin and its derivative, the 4-hydroxycoumarin on experimental ulcerative colitis in rats. This was performed in two different experimental settings, i.e. when the colonic mucosa is intact or when the mucosa is in process of recovery after an initial insult. The results obtained revealed that the coumarin and 4-hydroxycoumarin, at doses of 5 and 25 mg/kg, significantly attenuated the colonic damage induced by trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) in both situations, as evidenced macroscopically, microscopically and biochemically. This effect was related to an improvement in the colonic oxidative status, since coumarin and 4-hydroxycoumarin prevented the glutathione depletion that occurred as a consequence of the colonic inflammation.

show abstract

“…Indeed preclinical and clinical evidence from previous studies support this possibility [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Future studies, should concentrate on which specific silymarin component(s) are most effective in other relevant pre-clinical models of IBD [10].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of Silymarin Fractions on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion from Macrophage and Colonic Epithelial Cell Lines

Talbott¹

2017

PPIJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Silymarin is an extract of milk thistle seeds, consisting of four major classes of flavonoligans: silybinin, silychristin, silydianin and isosilyibinin. These compounds are known for their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The goal of this study was to determine if different fractions of the crude extract of silymarin inhibited proinflammatory cytokine secretion from macrophage and colonic epithelial cell lines. Methods:Milk thistle seeds were obtained from a commercial supplier. The powdered seeds (30 g) were percolated with methanol (100mL x 3). Evaporation of the solvent at reduced pressure yielded a residue. The residue was then chromatographed on a flash chromatography system. Fractions were monitored by TLC on silica gel, as described previously, and confirmed by (LC/MS) analyses. The crude silymarin extract and six distinct fractions were tested in two different cell culture systems. The secretion of TNF-α was determined from LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. We also characterized the effects of silymarin fractions on TNF-a induced chemokine (IL-8) secretion, using a HT-29 colonic epithelial cell line.Results: Fraction 5 (containing mainly silybinin and silychristin) was most potent for inhibiting TNF-α secretion from LPS-stimulated macrophages (IC50=47.7μg/ml). Fractions 2 and 4 (composed of mostly silybinin A and B) exhibited IC50 values of ≈65μg/ml in this assay. In contrast, the crude silymarin extract (IC50 value of 88.5μg/ ml) was less potent for inhibiting TNF-α secretion. The potency order of tested fractions, for inhibiting IL-8 secretion by HT-29 cells was: Fraction 2 (IC50=19.9μg/ ml) > Fraction 5 (IC50=32.8μg/ml) > Crude extract (36.1μg/ml). Summary:Silybinin and isosilybinin containing fractions of silymarin more potently inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion from macrophage and colonic epithelial cell lines. Conclusion:These data contribute to the characterization of optimal antiinflammatory flavonoligans, which can be used for follow-up testing in animal models of colitis.

show abstract

Effects of Silymarin on the Acute Stage of the Trinitrobenzenesulphonic Acid Model of Rat Colitis

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

On the benefits of silymarin in murine colitis by improving balance of destructive cytokines and reduction of toxic stress in the bowel cells

On the benefits of silymarin in murine colitis by improving balance of destructive cytokines and reduction of toxic stress in the bowel cells

Intestinal Anti-inflammatory Activity of Coumarin and 4-Hydroxycoumarin in the Trinitrobenzenesulphonic Acid Model of Rat Colitis

Effects of Silymarin Fractions on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion from Macrophage and Colonic Epithelial Cell Lines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About