Effects of silver nanoparticles on human and rat embryonic neural stem cells

Liu, Fang; Mahmood, Meena; Xu, Yang; Watanabe, Fumiya; Biris, Alexandru S.; Hansen, Deborah K.; Inselman, Amy L.; Casciano, Daniel A.; Patterson, Tucker A.; Paule, Merle G.; Slikker, William; Wang, Cheng

doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00115

Cited by 80 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…We assume that in our study, the protective effects of AA on neurons and astrocytes were at least partially caused by AA’s intracellular antioxidant activity. Several recent studies have evaluated the protective effects of different antioxidants against AgNPs’ toxicity using various cell lines; the results of these studies revealed that vitamin E, acetyl-L-carnitine, and N -acetyl-l-cysteine effectively block the adverse effects associated with AgNP exposure (Faedmaleki et al, 2016, Liu et al, 2015, Foldbjerg et al, 2011). Such findings support that oxidative stress is involved in AgNP-related toxicity and underlines the possibility of using antioxidants to prevent the neurotoxicity that is caused by oxidative stress-provoking substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver nanoparticles induce neurotoxicity in a human embryonic stem cell-derived neuron and astrocyte network

Repar

Aguilar

et al. 2018

Nanotoxicology

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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most extensively used nanoparticles and are found in a variety of products. This ubiquity leads to inevitable exposure to these particles in everyday life. However, the effects of AgNPs on neuron and astrocyte networks are still largely unknown. In this study, we used neurons and astrocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells as a cellular model to study the neurotoxicity that is induced by citrate-coated AgNPs (AgSCs). Immunostaining with the astrocyte and neuron markers, glial fibrillary acidic protein and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), respectively, showed that exposure to AgSCs at the concentration of 0.1 µg/mL increased the astrocyte/neuron ratio. In contrast, a higher concentration of AgSCs (5.0 µg/ml) significantly changed the morphology of astrocytes. These results suggest that astrocytes are sensitive to AgSC exposure and that low concentrations of AgSCs promote astrogenesis. Furthermore, our results showed that AgSCs reduced neurite outgrowth, decreased the expression of postsynaptic density protein 95 and synaptophysin, and induced neurodegeneration in a concentration-dependent manner. Our findings additionally suggest that the expression and phosphorylation status of MAP2 isoforms, as modulated by the activation of the Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3/caspase-3 signaling pathway, may play an important role in AgSC-mediated neurotoxicity. We also found that AgNO3 exposure only slightly reduced neurite outgrowth and had little effect on MAP2 expression, suggesting that AgSCs and AgNO3 have different neuronal toxicity mechanisms. In addition, most of these effects were reduced when the cell culture was co-treated with AgSCs and the antioxidant ascorbic acid, which implies that oxidative stress is the major cause of AgSC-mediated astrocytic/neuronal toxicity and that antioxidants may have a neuroprotective effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver nanoparticles induce neurotoxicity in a human embryonic stem cell-derived neuron and astrocyte network

Repar

Aguilar

et al. 2018

Nanotoxicology

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“…AgNPs also induced accumulation of autosomes and autolysosomes. In the case of embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) exposed to various concentrations of AgNPs for 24 h, neurotoxicity was observed by decreased cell viability, enhanced leakage of LDH and ROS, upregulation of Bax protein, and increased apoptosis [105]. The same neural stem cells exposed to low concentrations of AgNPs (1 µg/mL) induced formation of f-actin filaments, resulting in disruption of actin dynamics, reduction in neurite extension, and branching of cells [106].…”

Section: Cellular Effects Of Agnps In Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accumulating evidence suggests that AgNP-mediated ER stress is responsible for cellular dysfunction and activation of the cell death pathway. We summarize the cellular effects of AgNPs in various cellular systems based on exposure doses, concentration, size of particles, type cell line used, and major outcome of each study in Table 1 [24,38,64,72,105,137,138,139,140,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148]. …”

Section: Activation Of Signaling Molecules In Response To Agnps Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Cellular Responses in Various Cell Lines: An in Vitro Model

Zhang

Shen

Gurunathan

2016

IJMS

233

137

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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted increased interest and are currently used in various industries including medicine, cosmetics, textiles, electronics, and pharmaceuticals, owing to their unique physical and chemical properties, particularly as antimicrobial and anticancer agents. Recently, several studies have reported both beneficial and toxic effects of AgNPs on various prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. To develop nanoparticles for mediated therapy, several laboratories have used a variety of cell lines under in vitro conditions to evaluate the properties, mode of action, differential responses, and mechanisms of action of AgNPs. In vitro models are simple, cost-effective, rapid, and can be used to easily assess efficacy and performance. The cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and biocompatibility of AgNPs depend on many factors such as size, shape, surface charge, surface coating, solubility, concentration, surface functionalization, distribution of particles, mode of entry, mode of action, growth media, exposure time, and cell type. Cellular responses to AgNPs are different in each cell type and depend on the physical and chemical nature of AgNPs. This review evaluates significant contributions to the literature on biological applications of AgNPs. It begins with an introduction to AgNPs, with particular attention to their overall impact on cellular effects. The main objective of this review is to elucidate the reasons for different cell types exhibiting differential responses to nanoparticles even when they possess similar size, shape, and other parameters. Firstly, we discuss the cellular effects of AgNPs on a variety of cell lines; Secondly, we discuss the mechanisms of action of AgNPs in various cellular systems, and try to elucidate how AgNPs interact with different mammalian cell lines and produce significant effects; Finally, we discuss the cellular activation of various signaling molecules in response to AgNPs, and conclude with future perspectives on research into AgNPs.

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“…Under microscopic examination, distortions in cellular architecture were observed in brain tissue of Ag-treated rats. Neurodegenerative changes can be due to ROS (56). Vitamin E and selenium are able to restore or repair brain damages against the harmful effects of Ag, but this restoration is clearer in vitamin E treated rats which is also supported by Yin et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Some Biochemical Parameters and Brain Oxidative Stress in Experimental Rats Exposed Chronically to Silver Nitrate and the Protective Role of Vitamin E and Selenium

Gueroui

Kechrid

2016

ToxicolRes

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Due to undesirable hazardous interactions with biological systems, this investigation was undertaken to evaluate the effect of chronic exposure to silver on certain biochemical and some oxidative stress parameters with histopathological examination of brain, as well as the possible protective role of selenium and/or vitamin E as nutritional supplements. Thirty six male rats were divided into six groups of six each: the first group used as a control group. Group II given both vitamin E (400 mg/kg) of diet and selenium (Se) (1 mg/L) in their drinking water. Group III given silver as silver nitrate (AgNO3) (20 mg/L). Group IV given vitamin E and AgNO3. Group V given both AgNO3 and selenium. Group VI given AgNO3, vitamin E and Se. The animals were in the same exposure conditions for 3 months. According to the results which have been obtained; there was an increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipase activities and cholesterol level, a decrease in serum total protein, calcium and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in Ag-intoxicated rats. Moreover, the findings showed that Ag+ ions affected antioxidant defense system by decreasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and increasing vitamin E concentration with a high level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain tissue. The histological examination also exhibited some nervous tissue alterations including hemorrhage and cytoplasm vacuolization. However, the co-administration of selenium and/or vitamin E ameliorated the biochemical parameters and restored the histological alterations. In conclusion, this study indicated that silver could cause harmful effects in animal body and these effects can be more toxic in high concentrations or prolonged time exposure to this metal. However, selenium and vitamin E act as powerful antioxidants which may exercise adverse effect against the toxicity of this metal.

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Effects of silver nanoparticles on human and rat embryonic neural stem cells

Cited by 80 publications

References 43 publications

Silver nanoparticles induce neurotoxicity in a human embryonic stem cell-derived neuron and astrocyte network

Silver nanoparticles induce neurotoxicity in a human embryonic stem cell-derived neuron and astrocyte network

Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Cellular Responses in Various Cell Lines: An in Vitro Model

Evaluation of Some Biochemical Parameters and Brain Oxidative Stress in Experimental Rats Exposed Chronically to Silver Nitrate and the Protective Role of Vitamin E and Selenium

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