Effects of silicon on absorbed light allocation, antioxidant enzymes and ultrastructure of chloroplasts in tomato leaves under simulated drought stress

Cao, Bangwei; Ma, Qian; Zhao, Qiang; Wang, Lei; Xu, Kun

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.07.037

Cited by 119 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…These results indicated that these stresses decreased Si absorption by roots and further inhibited transportation to shoot via xylem. Si addition resulted in markedly increased Si content in roots and leaves while decreased it in stems under SD1 and SD2 at 110 DAT (Table 3), which was similar to the previous studies in soybean (Li et al 2004), tomato (Cao et al 2015), and wheat (Ma et al 2016). The higher content of Si under SD1 and SD2 in plants roots and leaves might be due to deposition of Si in cell walls and endodermis, which can reduce the translocation of NaCl (Liang et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Silicon alleviates salt and drought stress of Glycyrrhiza uralensis plants by improving photosynthesis and water status

Zhang¹,

Zhang²,

Lang³

et al. 2020

Biologia plant.

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Silicon has been widely reported to have a beneficial effect on improving plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the mechanisms of Si in mediating responses to simultaneous salt and drought stresses are still poorly understood. Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. is classified as a non-Si accumulator and suffered from salt and drought stresses. In this study, we investigated the long-term application of Si on Si content in G. uralensis roots, stems and leaves, leaf anatomy, ultrastructure, chlorophyll (Chl) content, gas exchange characteristics, relative water content, and growth of two-year-old plants under different salt and drought stresses. Silicon application resulted in a higher Si uptake in G. uralensis roots and more Si accumulation in leaves (especially deposition of Si on cell walls), and Si counteracted the adverse effects induced by salt and drought stresses on the leaf anatomy and ultrastructure. In plants treated with Si, a higher chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and relative water content led to a higher growth rate and dry mass under salt and drought stresses compared with corresponding non-Si treated plants.Additional key words: chlorophyll, leaf ultrastructure, net photosynthetic rate, relative water content, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, water use efficiency.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Silicon alleviates salt and drought stress of Glycyrrhiza uralensis plants by improving photosynthesis and water status

Zhang¹,

Zhang²,

Lang³

et al. 2020

Biologia plant.

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“…Three 24-epiBL pretreatment types reversed the changes to the chloroplasts (i.e., decreased swelling, maintained normal size of starch granules, increased the number of plastoglobuli, and kept a normal lamellar structure) and resulted in higher P n , effects that were similar to putrescine (Put) in regulating the salt tolerance of C. sativus by maintaining regular thylakoid membrane structures with normal P n and the photochemical efficiency of PSII, and reducing the ion toxicity (Na + contents in chloroplasts) under 75 mM NaCl [46]. These results were also similar to the ability of silicon (Si) to maintain a normal chloroplast structure and normal thylakoid lamellae, accompanied by higher Chl a and Chl b contents in leaves and lower electrolyte leakage in response to drought in tomatos (S. lycopersicum) [47]. A study also reported the ability of exogenous K 2 SiO 3 to maintain chloroplast lamellae and reduce foliar Na + levels to increase P n and G s of L. japonica under 100 and 200 mM NaCl stress [12].…”

Section: Ion Toxicity and Chloroplast Ultrastructurementioning

confidence: 64%

The Positive Effect of Different 24-epiBL Pretreatments on Salinity Tolerance in Robinia pseudoacacia L. Seedlings

Yue

Zhang

et al. 2018

Forests

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As a brassinosteroid (BR), 24-epibrassinolide (24-epiBL) has been widely used to enhance the resistance of plants to multiple stresses, including salinity. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a common species in degraded soils. In the current study, plants were pretreated with three levels of 24-epiBL (0.21, 0.62, or 1.04 µM) by either soaking seeds during the germination phase (Sew), foliar spraying (Spw), or root dipping (Diw) at the age of 6 months. The plants were exposed to salt stress (100 and 200 mM NaCl) via automatic drip-feeding (water content~40%) for 45 days after each treatment. Increased salinity resulted in a decrease in net photosynthesis rate (P n ), stomatal conductance (G s ), intercellular:ambient CO 2 concentration ratio (C i /C a ), water-use efficiency (WUE i ), and maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (F v /F m ). Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and thermal dissipation (H d ) were elevated under stress, which accompanied the reduction in the membrane steady index (MSI), water content (RWC), and pigment concentration (Chl a, Chl b, and Chl). Indicators of oxidative stress (i.e., malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) in leaves and Na + content in chloroplasts increased accompanied by a reduction in chloroplastid K + and Ca 2+ . At 200 mM NaCl, the chloroplast and thylakoid ultrastructures were severely disrupted. Exogenous 24-epiBL improved MSI, RWC, K + , and Ca 2+ content, reduced Na + levels, maintained chloroplast and thylakoid membrane structures, and enhanced the antioxidant ability in leaves. 24-epiBL also substantially alleviated stress-induced limitations of photosynthetic ability, reflected by elevated chlorophyll fluorescence, pigment levels, and P n . The positive effects of alleviating salt stress in R. pseudoacacia seedlings in terms of treatment application was Diw > Sew > Spw, and the most positive impacts were seen with 1.04 µM 24-epiBL. These results provide diverse choice for 24-epiBL usage to defend against NaCl stress of a plant.

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“…This is consistent with the finding of reduced lipid peroxidation of the cell membrane by controlling the toxic O 2 ⋅− radical and H 2 O 2 production via SOD under stress, as explained by de Azevedo Neto et al (2005). Cao et al (2015) reported that the addition of Si increase SOD activity in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) under drought conditions. In plants, a number of enzymes regulate H 2 O 2 intracellular levels, but CAT is considered the most important (Noctor et al, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Pretreatment Alleviates Drought Stress and Increases Antioxidative Activity in Kentucky Bluegrass

Bae

Hong

Choi

et al. 2017

Intl Turfgrass Soc Res J

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Drought is an important environmental stress that adversely affects plant growth and causes a reduction in growth. Despite the expanded areas of use and the increasing usefulness of the turfgrass, research on the drought stress on turfgrass is still insufficient, and there have only been few studies that investigated the effects of silicon on the drought resistance of turfgrass. This study was performed to determine the effects of silicon on Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) after the application of drought stress. The daily amount of water or silicon solution was 250 mL per a pot. For 14 d, plants were treated with 0, 0.1, and 1.0 mM silicon solution for silicon treatments and with distilled water for the control. Afterward, the plants were exposed to a 21‐d drought treatment, but the control received water as usual. Compared with the control, application of silicon increased the fresh weight of shoots and roots, as well as water content. The silicon pretreatments before drought significantly decreased chlorophyll contents, electrolyte leakage, and the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2. However, the α,α‐diphenyl‐β‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and glutathione (GSH) activities were significantly increased. Also, the responsive activities of the antioxidant enzymes encompassing superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase, and peroxidase were significantly enhanced. Our results suggest that silicon could help Kentucky bluegrass perform better under drought stress by increasing their antioxidant activities while decreasing lipid peroxidation.

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Effects of silicon on absorbed light allocation, antioxidant enzymes and ultrastructure of chloroplasts in tomato leaves under simulated drought stress

Cited by 119 publications

References 40 publications

Silicon alleviates salt and drought stress of Glycyrrhiza uralensis plants by improving photosynthesis and water status

Silicon alleviates salt and drought stress of Glycyrrhiza uralensis plants by improving photosynthesis and water status

The Positive Effect of Different 24-epiBL Pretreatments on Salinity Tolerance in Robinia pseudoacacia L. Seedlings

Silicon Pretreatment Alleviates Drought Stress and Increases Antioxidative Activity in Kentucky Bluegrass

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