Effects of Shotokan Karate on resilience to bullying in adolescents

Abstract

Bullying is characterized by power imbalances in relationships, which can lead to negative social consequences. Youth with higher levels of resilience are less likely to engage in aggressive behaviours or be victims of bullying. Karate, a martial art emphasizing respect, self-regulation and health promotion, may be an effective alternative to the anti-bullying failing approach of institutions. Therefore, the purpose of this randomized controlled study was to examine the effect of a 12-week karate based intervention on resilience. 50 students, aged 14-16 years, were randomly assigned to experimental group (n=25) that performed technical Shotokan karate practice, i.e. kihon, kata and kumite (60 min., once per week), or control group (n=25). At baseline and after intervention, the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-28) assessed the individual capacities and resources, relationship with primary caregiver, contextual factors and total resilience. The intervention significant improved levels of the overall resilience and resilience sub-factors (p<0.05). The results suggest that psycho-social intervention based on Karate may improve the resilience and well-being of youth and make them less likely to engage in aggressive behaviour or be bullied. Thus, Karate should be considered an effective alternative to the anti-bullying failing approach of the institutions.

Method of Nursing Interventions to Reduce the Incidence of Bullying and Its Impact on Students in School: A Scoping Review

“…The activity-based program consisted of two activities, namely, in the form of sports and art. Sports activities, namely, Shotokan Karate, were carried out in school for 12 × 60 min, once per week for 12 weeks [ 31 ]. Each session was led by a sports expert for the karate training and by a psychologist for the psychosocial intervention.…”

Effectiveness of Using Active Games for Strength Development in 10-Year-Old Boys at the Initial Training Stage in Kyokushin Karate

“…Martial arts have a special educational potential in developing positive models of behavior and moral values that can help reduce aggression in society (Augustovicova, Argajova, Rupcik, & Thomson, 2020;Cynarski, 2019;Cynarski & Niewczas, 2019). Kotarska, Nowak, Szark-Eckardt and Nowak (2019), Greco, Fischetti, Cataldi, and Latino (2019) found a positive correlation between martial arts, especially if they are practiced at a competition level, and healthy behaviors and a higher level of quality of life self-assessment.…”

Investigation of The Relationship Between Athletes’ Psychological Resilience, Emotional Reactivity, Psychological Maladjustment and Trait Anger Control

“…Apart from being considered a means of active recreation, various sports activities are also an important way of coping with stress and avoiding certain psychological issues such as depression and anxiety disorders (Lau WC and Lau EY, 2009;Schaal et al, 2011). Studies emphasize that people who exercise and do regular physical activity have low levels of depression and anxiety, and they are stronger in terms of coping with stress and resilience (Chekroud et al, 2018;Greco et al, 2019;Johnson, 2015;Rosenbaum et al, 2014;Vancampfort et al, 2017;Zuleta et al, 2022 ). However, since sports are based on the priority of winning, they cause risk factors such as stress, emotional intensity, problems, and injuries arising from personality traits (Devonport et al, 2005;Kolayis and Sari, 2011;Sterkowicz et al, 2012;Wilson, 2011), career dissatisfaction, sports injury, and anxiety caused by the feeling of negativity in reaching goals (Kilic et al, 2017;Hussey et al, 2019;Rice et al, 2019;).…”