Effects of short term supplementation of l-tryptophan and reducing large neutral amino acid along with l-tryptophan supplementation on growth and stress response in pigs

Shen, Yanbin; Coffey, M. T.; Kim, Sung Woo

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.06.020

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Under high feeding density, dietary Trp supplementation could alleviate stress and improve antioxidant capacity, growth performance and meat quality of duck [ 200 ]. Short term supplementation of l -Trp in pigs improved growth performance and reduced stress hormone during period of social-mixing stress that caused by animal regrouping [ 201 ].…”

Section: Factors Influencing Trp Metabolism and Os During Pregnancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Properties of Tryptophan Metabolism and the Concept of Tryptophan Use in Pregnancy

Liu

Bai

et al. 2017

IJMS

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During pregnancy, tryptophan (Trp) is required for several purposes, and Trp metabolism varies over time in the mother and fetus. Increased oxidative stress (OS) with high metabolic, energy and oxygen demands during normal pregnancy or in pregnancy-associated disorders has been reported. Taking the antioxidant properties of Trp and its metabolites into consideration, we made four hypotheses. First, the use of Trp and its metabolites is optional based on their antioxidant properties during pregnancy. Second, dynamic Trp metabolism is an accommodation mechanism in response to OS. Third, regulation of Trp metabolism could be used to control/attenuate OS according to variations in Trp metabolism during pregnancy. Fourth, OS-mediated injury could be alleviated by regulation of Trp metabolism in pregnancy-associated disorders. Future studies in normal/abnormal pregnancies and in associated disorders should include measurements of free Trp, total Trp, Trp metabolites, and activities of Trp-degrading enzymes in plasma. Abnormal pregnancies and some associated disorders may be associated with disordered Trp metabolism related to OS. Mounting evidence suggests that the investigation of the use of Trp and its metabolites in pregnancy will be meanful.

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Section: Factors Influencing Trp Metabolism and Os During Pregnancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Properties of Tryptophan Metabolism and the Concept of Tryptophan Use in Pregnancy

Liu

Bai

et al. 2017

IJMS

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“…Dietary ingredients that modulate neurobehavior are strongly related to altered neurotransmitter signaling systems, including the GABAergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic systems ( 50 ). Decreasing salivary cortisol was found to be associated with higher growth performance after supplementation with tryptophan in the diet and may be the result of reduced stress ( 51 ). A similar result was also found in a study by Koopmans et al ( 52 ), who observed a decrease in plasma cortisol by feeding surplus dietary tryptophan to pigs, and reduced stress and the long-term hormonal response to stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Efficacy of Fish Meal Replacement With Enzymatically Treated Soybean Meal on Growth Performance, Immunity, Oxidative Capacity and Fecal Microbiota in Weaned Pigs

Yang

Huang

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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This study investigated the growth performance, immunity, antioxidant capacity and fecal microbiota of weaned pigs by partially or completely replacing dietary fish meal with enzymatically treated soybean meal. A total of 144 piglets (initial body weight of 7.19 ± 0.11 kg) weaned at 28 d were allotted to 3 dietary treatments (6 replicates per treatment): 4% fish meal diet (FM); 2% fishmeal plus 6% enzymatically treated soybean meal (ESBM1); and 6% enzymatically treated soybean meal without fish meal (ESBM2). The experimental period was 28 d, serum was collected at day 14 and day 28 for biochemical parameters analysis, feces was obtained for microbiota analysis at 28d. The body weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake of piglets in the ESBM2 group were significantly increased compared with those in the FM and ESBM1 groups from 0 to 28 d, respectively (P < 0.05). The diets with enzymatically treated soybean meal in ESBM1 and ESBM2 groups decreased the diarrhea rate (P < 0.05). Compared with FM, ESBM1 and ESBM2 decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (P < 0.05). ESBM1 decreased diamine oxidase (DAO) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) compared with FM and ESBM2 (P < 0.05). ESBM1 decreased serum Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) compared with FM at d 14 (P < 0.05). The serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE), secretory curl associated protein 5 (sFRP-5) were higher in ESBM1 compared with FM and ESBM2 (P < 0.05). ESBM2 increased super oxidase dismutase (SOD) level and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content compared with FM and ESBM1, the concentration of SOD in ESBM1was higher than that in FM (P < 0.05). ESBM1 decreased cortisol and caspase 3 (Casp-3) (P < 0.05). FM showed a higher content of tri-iodothyronine (T3) (P < 0.05) and a lower thyroxine/ tri-iodothyronine ratio compared with those in the other two groups (P < 0.05). The concentration of leptin was lower in ESBM2 (P < 0.05). ESBM1 had a higher α-diversity than ESBM2 (P < 0.05). The microbiota composition was different among three treatments (difference between FM and ESBM1, p = 0.005; FM and ESBM2, p = 0.009; ESBM1 and ESBM2, p = 0.004). ESBM2 tend to increase the abundance of Firmicutes (P = 0.070) and decrease Bacteroidetes (P = 0.069). ESBM2 decreased the abundance of Parabacteroides and increased SMB53 compared with FM (P < 0.05). The spearman correlation analysis revealed that the abundance of Parabacteroides enriched in FM group was negatively correlated with SOD, Megasphaera enriched in ESBM2 group were positively correlated with SOD. The abundance of Lachnospira enriched in ESBM2 group were negatively correlated with serum concentration of D-lactate, DAO, IL-6, and NO. In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, diet with only ESBM demonstrate the beneficial impact on intestinal microbiota developments, antioxidant capacity as well as growth performance for weaned pigs.

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“…Pigs were allowed to chew on a piece of gauze which became soaked in saliva. Concentrations of salivary cortisol were determined using a commercial RIA kit (Diagnostic Products Corp.) modified for pigs [46]. All samples were tested in duplicate.…”

Section: Salivary Cortisolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Effects of Deoxynivalenol from Naturally Contaminated Corn on Cerebral Tryptophan Metabolism, Behavioral Response, Gastrointestinal Immune Status and Health in Pigs Following a Pair-Feeding Model

Shen

Weaver

Kim

2021

Toxins

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This study investigated the impact of deoxynivalenol (DON) from naturally contaminated feed on pig growth, immune status, organ health, brain serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and behavior. Sixteen individually housed pigs (25.57 ± 0.98 kg, age 9 weeks) were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments: without DON (CON) or with 3.8 mg/kg of DON (MT). Pigs were pair-fed to eliminate differences in feed intake (equal tryptophan (Trp) intake). Pigs fed CON received a daily ration based on the ad libitum feed consumption of their MT pair-mate. Performance was determined over 21 days and blood collected for immunological and oxidative stress parameters. Behavior was recorded for 12 h on days 0, 7, 14 and 21. After 21 days, pigs were euthanized to collect tissues for immune parameters, gut morphology and brain serotonin levels. Overall, pigs fed MT had greater weight gain compared with CON. Immunological and oxidative stress parameters were unaffected, but pigs fed MT had reduced villus height, crypt depth and villus-to-crypt ratio in the jejunum. Pigs consuming MT had reduced concentration of 5-HT and increased 5-HT turnover in the hypothalamus. Mycotoxin-fed pigs spent more time lying and sitting, and less time standing and drinking. In conclusion, consumption of DON impacted gastrointestinal tract structure, altered behavior and changed Trp metabolism through increasing 5-HT turnover in hypothalamus.

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Effects of short term supplementation of l-tryptophan and reducing large neutral amino acid along with l-tryptophan supplementation on growth and stress response in pigs

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Redox Properties of Tryptophan Metabolism and the Concept of Tryptophan Use in Pregnancy

Redox Properties of Tryptophan Metabolism and the Concept of Tryptophan Use in Pregnancy

Comparative Efficacy of Fish Meal Replacement With Enzymatically Treated Soybean Meal on Growth Performance, Immunity, Oxidative Capacity and Fecal Microbiota in Weaned Pigs

Physiological Effects of Deoxynivalenol from Naturally Contaminated Corn on Cerebral Tryptophan Metabolism, Behavioral Response, Gastrointestinal Immune Status and Health in Pigs Following a Pair-Feeding Model

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