Effects of sex, tobacco smoking, and alcohol consumption osteoporosis development: Evidence from Taiwan biobank participants

Abstract

Osteoporosis is an important risk factor affecting public health. Osteoporosis begins without major discomfort but leads to age-related fractures later in life 1 . Osteoporosis is a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD). Usually, it is asymptomatic and is therefore undetected until a fracture 2 . In people with osteoporosis, their bone tissue is qualitatively ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis is major public health concern, but the long-term impacts of tobacco and alcohol consumption on its development are unclear. This study analyzed the relationship between tobacco and alcohol use and osteoporosis by using data from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB), established in 2012. METHODS Participants in TWB were included in our study, with a total of 18394 respondents included for analysis. To investigate the relationship between tobacco and alcohol use and osteoporosis, we surveyed their bone mineral density (BMD), consumption of tobacco and alcohol and other covariate data. RESULTS We found that participants in the tobacco smoking only group (OR=1.24; 95% CI: 1.08-1.42, p=0.003) and the group that both smoked and consumed alcohol (OR=1.39; 95% CI: 1.09-1.77, p=0.008) were more likely to develop osteoporosis than were participants who neither drank alcohol nor smoked. Menopause is strongly associated with osteoporosis in women, and we found that women who used alcohol or tobacco were not at a significantly higher risk than those in the reference group (tobacco only, OR=1.15; 95% CI: 0.86-1.53, p=0.345; both tobacco and alcohol, OR=0.61; 95% CI: 0.14-2.60, p=0.5040). However, men in these groups were at a significantly higher risk than the reference group (tobacco only, OR=1.26; 95% CI: 1.07-1.48, p=0.006; both tobacco and alcohol, OR=1.32; 95% CI: 1.03-1.70, p=0.030). Menopause was a significant risk factor for osteoporosis (OR=2.46; 95% CI: 1.77-3.41, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The influence of tobacco use on osteoporosis was significant, particularly in men, but the effects of alcohol consumption were equivocal in our study. The interactions between tobacco use, alcohol use, and menopausal status on osteoporosis should be considered in future studies.

Osteoporosis in COPD patients: Risk factors and pulmonary rehabilitation

“…Patients with COPD tend to have a long history of smoking. Many studies have shown that smokers have decreased BMD with increased risk fracture compared to nonsmokers 13–15 …”

“…On the one hand, excessive use or abuse of alcohol, 15,79–82 caffeine, 83,84 and carbonated drinks 83 should be avoided, which are harmful for both health people and patients with osteoporosis. On the other hand, any form of nicotine should be discouraged 85,86 .…”

The associations between bone mineral density and long-term risks of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality

“…Studies have shown that drinking alcohol is positively correlated with the occurrence of osteoporosis (34)(35)(36). A study in Taiwan showed that smoking is a risk factor for osteoporosis in men but not in women, and the association observed in men may be diluted by bone loss due to menopause in women (37). However, we did not find a consistent association of smoking and alcohol consumption with osteoporosis, so further research is needed.…”

Osteoporosis and Alveolar Bone Health in Periodontitis Niche: A Predisposing Factors-Centered Review

“…Immoderate consumption of alcohol and cigarette has been proven to impair bone health and elevate vulnerability to osteoporotic fracture [ 259 ]. Specifically, in contrast to smoking as an evident predisposing factor for osteoporosis, the role of alcohol consumption in osteoporosis development is equivocal [ 260 ].…”