Effects of sex on naevus body distribution and melanoma risk in two melanoma case-control studies at different latitudes

Ribero, Simone; Osella‐Abate, Simona; Reyes-García, Diana; Glass, Daniel; Bataille, Véronique

doi:10.1111/bjd.14915

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This resulted in exclusion of five publications [19,[39][40][41][42]. If a study sample was used to answer two relevant research questions and the results did not overlap, both publications were included [34,44]. One study [43] was excluded because the majority of the participants in the sample (55%) were younger than 18 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Site Distribution of Acquired Melanocytic Naevi and Associated Characteristics in the General Population of Caucasian Adults: A Scoping Review

Jayasinghe

Nufer

Betz‐Stablein

et al. 2022

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)

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The number of melanocytic naevi is a major risk factor for melanoma. The divergent pathway hypothesis proposes that the propensity for naevus proliferation and malignant transformation may differ by body site and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This scoping review aimed to summarise the evidence on the number and distribution of naevi (C 2 mm) on the body overall and by individual anatomical sites in Caucasian adults, and to assess whether studies used the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) protocol to guide naevus counting processes. Systematic searches of Embase and PubMed identified 661 potentially relevant studies, and 12 remained eligible after full-text review. Studies varied widely in their counting protocols, reporting of naevus counts overall and by body sites, and used counting personnel with differing qualifications. Only one study used the IARC protocol. Studies reported that the highest number of naevi was on the trunk in males and on the arms in females. Body sites which receive intermittent exposure to UV radiation had higher density of naevi. Larger naevi (C 5 mm) were detected mostly on body sites intermittently exposed to UV radiation, and smaller naevi (\ 5 mm) on chronically exposed sites. Studies reported that environmental and behavioural aspects related to UV radiation exposure, as well as genetic factors, all impact body site and size distribution of naevi. This review Dilki Jayasinghe and Kaitlin L. Nufer contributed equally.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Site Distribution of Acquired Melanocytic Naevi and Associated Characteristics in the General Population of Caucasian Adults: A Scoping Review

Jayasinghe

Nufer

Betz‐Stablein

et al. 2022

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)

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“…For historical reasons, the Twin Research Unit recruited mostly females. Despite this, the analyses are unlikely to be affected, as there are no reported effects of sex on 25(OH)D levels (27) as well as significant gender effects on total body naevus count and on its distribution (28,29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Association Between Vitamin D Serum Levels and Naevus Counts

Ribero¹,

Glass²,

Mangino³

et al. 2017

Acta Derm Venerol

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Lower vitamin D serum levels are linked to increased melanoma risk and poorer survival. Naevus counts are associated with both melanoma risk and survival and to leucocyte telomere length. Vitamin D is also linked to telomere biology with higher levels of vitamin D in individuals with longer leucocyte telomere length despite adjusting for age. Using the TwinsUK data, we explored the association between naevus count, leucocyte telomere length and vitamin D serum levels. Increasing vitamin D levels were associated with increasing naevus count: serum levels were 73.3 nmol/l in individuals with less than 50 naevi compared to 78.8 nmol/l in individuals with more than 50 naevi (p?=?0.002). In the final regression model, using naevus count as a continuous variable, vitamin D remained associated with higher naevus counts despite adjustment for age, weight, height, season of sampling and twin relatedness (p?=?0.02). Further adjustment for leucocyte telomere length, decreased the magnitude of the association but it remained significant so leucocyte telomere length is not the sole driver of this association. Having large numbers of naevi is associated with higher vitamin D serum levels.

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“…We observed that higher naevus counts on the head and neck were associated with a stronger relative risk for melanoma for women than men, whereas Ribero and colleagues found that men had a higher relative risk for melanoma associated with naevi on the legs, arms and head and neck. 26 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of pigmentary and naevus phenotype with melanoma risk in two populations with comparable ancestry but contrasting levels of ambient sun exposure

Cust

Drummond

Bishop

et al. 2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Background: People at high risk of developing melanoma are usually identified by pigmentary and naevus phenotypes. Objective: We examined whether associations of these phenotypes with melanoma risk differed by ambient sun exposure or participant characteristics in two population-based, case-control studies with comparable ancestry but different ambient sun exposure. Methods: Data were analysed from 616 cases and 496 controls from the Australian Melanoma Family Study and 2,012 cases and 504 controls from the Leeds (UK) case-control study. Questionnaire, interview and dermatological skin examination data were collected using the same measurement protocols. Relative risks were estimated as odds ratios using unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Hair and skin colour were the strongest pigmentary phenotype risk factors. All associations of pigmentary phenotype with melanoma risk were similar across countries. The median number of clinically assessed naevi was approximately three times higher in Australia than Leeds, but the relative risks for melanoma associated with each additional common or dysplastic naevus was higher for Leeds than Australia, especially for naevi on the upper and lower limbs. Higher naevus counts on the head and neck were associated with a stronger relative risk for melanoma for women than men. The two countries had similar relative risks for melanoma based on self-reported naevus density categories, but personal perceptions of naevus number differed by country. There was no consistent evidence of interactions between phenotypes on risk. Conclusions: Classifying people at high risk of melanoma based on their number of naevi should ideally take into account their country of residence, type of counts (clinical or self-reported), body site on which the naevus counts are measured, and sex. The presence of naevi may be a stronger indicator of a genetic predisposition in the UK than in Australia based on less opportunity for sun exposure to influence naevus development.

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Effects of sex on naevus body distribution and melanoma risk in two melanoma case-control studies at different latitudes

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Body Site Distribution of Acquired Melanocytic Naevi and Associated Characteristics in the General Population of Caucasian Adults: A Scoping Review

Body Site Distribution of Acquired Melanocytic Naevi and Associated Characteristics in the General Population of Caucasian Adults: A Scoping Review

Positive Association Between Vitamin D Serum Levels and Naevus Counts

Associations of pigmentary and naevus phenotype with melanoma risk in two populations with comparable ancestry but contrasting levels of ambient sun exposure

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