Effects of Sewage Sludge Amendment on Some Soil Properties, Growth, Yield and Nutrient Content of Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.)

A field study on the effect of organic soil conditioners with different placements on dry matter and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)

“…Composts are produced during the process of the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms in the presence of oxygen. In general, the use of compost maintains and enhances stability and fertility of the agricultural soil (Angin et al 2017;Zhou et al 2016). Composts can have direct effects against disease, as well as stimulation of the competing microorganisms and also development of resistance in plants against diseases (Ebrahimi et al 2018;Carrera et al 2007).…”

“…Optimizing the amount of organic matter in the soil is one of the most basic principles of sustainable agriculture. Soil organic matter is rich in natural resources, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N, P, and K) in organic forms but compared to their mineral forms, availability and mobility of these elements in organic compounds are usually a lot less (Angin et al 2017). The use of organic debris depends on their quantitative and qualitative characteristics, climate condition, plant type, soil organisms, and management methods.…”

“…Shuman et al (1980) showed that in more than 30 countries, on an average, approximately 30% of the soils are suffering from deficiency of one or more micronutrients. The use of organic fertilizers increases soil organic matter, improves microbial activity, and provides both macro-and micronutrients required for the plant in a more efficient way (Angin et al 2017).…”

“…Compost application is a method to maintain soil fertility. It is well known that organic fertilizers increase soil fertility and provide long-term nutrients by gradual decomposition (Angin et al 2017;Gaiotti et al 2017;Zhou et al 2016). Research that investigated the different compost application methods in organic vegetable fields is quite limited.…”

Assessment of a single application of sewage sludge on the biomass yield of Silphium perfoliatum and changes in naturally acid soil properties

“…The application of organic material is a simple and effective way to restore disrupted soil structure. Particularly, sewage sludge can be an effective means 216 Assessment of a single application of sewage sludge on the biomass yield of Silphium perfoliatum and changes in naturally acid soil properties to solve this problem (Angin, Yaganoglu, 2011;Annabi et al, 2011). Composted, fresh and heat-treated sewage sludge improves the physical state of soil and increases the resistance of aggregates to raindrops (Ojeda et al, 2008).…”