Effects of Several Osmotic Substrates on the Growth of <i>Lupinus albus</i> Seedlings

Jarvis, P. G.; Jarvis, Margaret S.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1963.tb08326.x

Cited by 41 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There was more root dry weight in high nitrogen, water-stressed plants than control but the difference was not significant except on day 8. This increase iti root growth is similar to findings of Jarvis and Jarvis (1963), Usitig either PEG 1540 or 4000, they observed a small but signifieant stimulation of root growth of/.,up/»iwfl/6».s seedlings in solutions of-1.2 x 10^ atid -2.7 X 10' Pa osmotic potential. In the field.…”

Section: Nutrient Solutionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…After a suffieiently long dark period of lower evaporative demand, water potential equilibrium between plant and soil (or root medium) tnay be attained (Jarvis and Jarvis 1963), Dawn leaf water potential, should, then, be close if not equal to the water potential of the soil (or root medium). In this study, dawn leaf water potential of stress treattnents fell steadily with the osmotic potential of the nutrient solution (Fig.…”

Section: Leaf Water Polentiulmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of nitrogen nutrition and root medium water potential on growth, nitrogen uptake and osmotic adjustment of rice

Yambao

O’Toole

1984

Physiologia Plantarum

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The effects of nitrogen (N) nutrition on growth, N uptake and leaf osmotic potential of rice plants (Oryza sativa L. ev. IR 36) during simulated water stress were determined. Twenty‐one‐day‐old seedlings in high (28.6 × 10 −4M) and low (7.14 × 10 4M) N levels were exposed to decreased nutrient solution water potentials by addition of polyethylene glycol 6000. The roots were separated from the solution by a semi‐permeable membrane. Nutrient solution water potential was −0.6 × 105 Pa and was lowered stepwise to −1 × 105, −2 × 105, −4 × 105 and −6 × 105 Pa at 2‐day intervals. Plant height, leaf area and shoot dry weight of high and low nitrogen plants were reduced by lower osmotic potentials of the root medium. Osmotic stress caused greater shoot growth reduction in high N than in low N plants. Stressed and unstressed plants in 7.14 × 104M N had more root dry matter than the corresponding plants in 28.6 × 104M N. Dawn leaf water potential of stressed plants was 1 × 105 to 5.5 × 105 Pa lower than nutrient solution water potential. Nitrogen‐deficient water‐stressed plants, however, maintained higher dawn leaf water potential than high nitrogen water‐stressed plants. It is suggested that this was due to higher root‐to‐shoot ratios of N deficient plants. The osmotic potentials of leaves at full turgor for control plants were about 1.3 × 105 Pa higher in 7.14 × 10−4M than in 28.6 × 10−4M N and osmotic adjustment of 2.6 × 105 and 4.3 × 105 Pa was obtained in low and high N plants, respectively. The nitrogen status of plants, therefore, affected the ability of the rice plant to adjust osmotically during water stress. Plant water stress decreased transpiration and total N content in shoots of both N treatments. Reduced shoot growth as a result of water stress caused the decrease in amount of water transpired. Transpiration and N uptake were significantly correlated. Our results show that nitrogen content is reduced in water‐stressed plants by the integrated effects of plant water stress per se on accumulation of dry matter and transpiring leaf area as well as the often cited changes in soil physical properties of a drying root medium.

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Section: Nutrient Solutionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Leaf Water Polentiulmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nitrogen nutrition and root medium water potential on growth, nitrogen uptake and osmotic adjustment of rice

Yambao

O’Toole

1984

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Water stress was relieved by flooding the pot with distilled water and allowing it to drain seven times, thus removing all traces of polyethylene glycol from the rooting medium. Polyethylene glycol has been widely used as an osmotic agent in water-potential studies (Lagerwerff, Ogata, and Eagle 1961;Jarvis and Jarvis 1963;Janes 1964;Barrs 1966). Injurious effects unrelated to its function as an osmotic agent (Leshem 1966) and which could be due to impurities (Lagerwerff, Ogata, and Eagle 1961) were not found in the present study, even in plants exposed for 72 hr to a -10 atm osmotic potential solution.…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 60%

The Inhibition of Flowering by Water Stress

Aspinall¹,

Husain²

1970

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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SummaryPlants of Lolium temulentum L., a single.cycle, long.day plant, and Pharbitis nil Ohois. cv. Violet, a single·cycle, short-day plant, were subjected to osmotic stress during the inductive cycle. An osmotic potential of-IS atm (using poly. ethylene glycol, mol. wt. 4000) during the 24·hr exposure to light completely prevented flowering in L. temulentum. Similarly, -6 atm osmotic potential during the 16-hr dark cycle suppressed flowering in P. nil. Water stress during induction, achieved by withholding water to soil-grown plants, also prevented flower induction in Xanthium strumarium L.With L. temulentum and X. strumarium, stress accompanied by defoliation during the period immediately following the inductive cycle also prevented flowering. The data were consistent with a stress-imposed inhibition of translocation of the floral stimulus from the leaf. L. temulentum plants which were stressed but not defoliated during this period formed flowers, suggesting that the floral stimulus itself is relatively stable within the leaf during a period of stress.

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“…Water utility of intact ptants was attered hy addition of appropriate amounts of polyethytene gtycol (PEG), molecular weight 6000, to the nutrient solution four days prior to test conclusion. PEG was reported as a highly satisfactory osmotic agent by a number of worker.s (8,9,12). Increases in solution osmotic pressure (determined cryoscopically) resulting from additions of 0, 15, 25, 100, and 140 grams PEG/1 solution were 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 atmospheres, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Utilization and Calcium‐Strontium Uptake in Phaseolus vulgaris

Emmert

1964

Physiologia Plantarum

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Contamination of food supplies by fallout Sr-90 in the biosphere is viewed as a current problem of serious magnitude. The basis for concern, involving the unique parallel in behavior of calcium and strontium in biological material, has been covered in excellent reports by Russell (16,17), Coniar et at.(4), Kornberg (10) and others. It is sufficient here to note only that Sr-90 enters the human food chain directly or indirectly via plant material. Consequently, effort has been expended to reduce the human burden of this isotope by reducing its relative content in the plant cation pool. Methods such as dilution with stable strontium or calcium (7,14,19) have shown only limited promise in this respect. The problem of restricting uptake of Sr-90 in plants under commercial conditions remains as an unsolved challenge to the researcher.Evidence in this report indicates that roots of intact plants discriminated against passage of strontium to the plant top. Such discrimination was conditioned by water flow through the plant. Possible reasons for this phenomenon are discussed. MethodsTest plants were Phaseolus vulgaris L., variety Red Wade. Methods of culture were similar to those descrihed in detait elsewhere (5). Plants were grown under controlled nutrient (hydroponic) and environment regimes to yield rapidly growing subjects which were adequately supplied with all essential elements, and which were highly uniform. Solution concentration of stahte calcium was 3.0 ma/1 and strontium 1.0 ppm. Growth period from seed to test conclusion was 13 days.Water utility of intact ptants was attered hy addition of appropriate amounts of polyethytene gtycol (PEG), molecular weight 6000, to the nutrient solution four days prior to test conclusion. PEG was reported as a highly satisfactory osmotic Physiol. Plant., 17, 1964 [746]

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Effects of Several Osmotic Substrates on the Growth of Lupinus albus Seedlings

Cited by 41 publications

References 28 publications

Effects of nitrogen nutrition and root medium water potential on growth, nitrogen uptake and osmotic adjustment of rice

Effects of nitrogen nutrition and root medium water potential on growth, nitrogen uptake and osmotic adjustment of rice

The Inhibition of Flowering by Water Stress

Water Utilization and Calcium‐Strontium Uptake in Phaseolus vulgaris

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