Effects of seven potential probiotic strains on specific immune responses in healthy adults: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial

Abstract

This pilot study investigated the immunomodulatory properties of seven probiotic strains. Eighty-three healthy volunteers aged 18-62 years consumed 2 x 10(10) CFU of bacteria or a placebo (maltodextrin) over 3 weeks (D0-D21). Subjects received an oral cholera vaccine at D7 and at D14; blood and saliva samples were collected at D0, D21 and D28. Serum samples were analyzed for specific IgA, IgG and IgM, and saliva samples were analyzed for specific IgA only, by ELISA. Statistical analyses were based on Wilcoxon's signed-rank test (intragroup analyses) and exact median t-test (intergroup analyses). Salivary analysis showed no difference in specific IgA concentrations between groups. Serum analysis indicated an effect of some of the tested strains on specific humoral responses. Between D0 and D21, IgG increased in two probiotic groups, for example, Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04 and Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14, compared with controls (P=0.01). Trends toward significant changes in immunoglobulin serum concentrations compared with controls (P<0.1) were found for six out of the seven probiotic strains. In conclusion, some strains of probiotics demonstrated a faster immune response measured with serum immunoglobulin indicators, especially IgG, although overall vaccination was not influenced. Specific strains of probiotics may thus act as adjuvants to the humoral immune response following oral vaccination.

Dose Effects of LAB on Modulation of Rotavirus Vaccine Induced Immune Responses

“…In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, L. rhamnosus GG or L. acidophilus CRL 431 increased serum poliovirus neutralizing antibody titers and poliovirusspecific IgA and IgG titers 2-to 4-fold in adult human volunteers vaccinated with the live oral polio vaccine (de Vrese et al, 2005). In another human clinical trial, six out of the seven probiotic strains tested enhanced cholera-specific IgG antibody concentration in serum; for the B. lactis Bl-04 and L. acidophilus La-14 strains the increase was more significant (Paineau et al, 2008). Daily consumption of a fermented dairy drink (L. casei DN-114 001 and yoghurt ferments, Actimel) was shown to increase virus specific antibody responses to the intramuscular inactivated influenza vaccine in individuals of over 70 years of age (Boge et al, 2009).…”

“…Adjuvant effects of several probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB), mostly Lactobacillus strains, including L. rhamnosus GG, L. acidophilus NCFM, L. acidophilus CRL431, L. acidophilus La-14, L. fermentum CECT5716, L. casei DN-114 001, and Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04 have been reported in studies of influenza, polio, rotavirus and cholera vaccines and rotavirus and Salmonella typhi Ty21a infections (Boge et al, 2009;Davidson et al, 2011;Isolauri et al, 1995;Kaila et al, 1992;Mohamadzadeh et al, 2008;Olivares et al, 2007;Paineau et al, 2008;Winkler et al, 2005;Zhang et al, 2008b). The word adjuvant in the phrase "probiotic adjuvant" is not used in its traditional definition in which adjuvant implies a substance included in the vaccine formulation to aid the immune response to the vaccine antigen.…”

Role of Microbiota in Human Life and the Prospects for the Preventive Use of Probiotics

“…Так, применение пробио-тика на основе штамма B. lactis Bi-07 модулирует ответ иммунной системы и снижает продукцию ИЛ-1-бета в сочетании с увеличением продукции ИЛ-10 [45] и в тече-ние 28 дней приема приводит к увеличению продукции иммуноглобулинов класса G [46]. Именно продолжитель-ность приема пробиотического препарата определяет эффективность профилактики острых респираторных инфекций у детей и подростков при назначении в тече-ние 8 [47] и 24 мес.…”

Probiotics, antibiotics and the immune responses to vaccines

“…In French adults, although there appeared to be differences between probiotic strains in the ability to induce antibody production, none of those tested induced a significant increase in response to the cholera toxin [79,87].…”

“…The oral cholera vaccine Dukoral has been evaluated in adults in France who were supplemented with one of seven probiotics, either Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus (n ¼ 9 in each group) or placebo (n ¼ 20) for three weeks and vaccinated with two doses given one week apart [87]. In French adults, although there appeared to be differences between probiotic strains in the ability to induce antibody production, none of those tested induced a significant increase in response to the cholera toxin [79,87].…”