Effects of sesamin on fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism, macrophage cholesterol homeostasis and serum lipid profile: A comprehensive review

Majdalawieh, Amin F.; Dalibalta, Sarah; Yousef, Sarah M.

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173417

Cited by 57 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Sesame seeds and products contain a large number of lignans, among which sesamin and sesamolin are the major ones [ 6 ]. Many studies had reported various pharmacological abilities of sesamin and sesamolin, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-cancerogenic, anti-hypertensive, anti-proliferative, anti-melanogenesis, auditory-protective, anti-cholesterol and anti-aging [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The total lignan content is a critical factor in sesame seed quality evaluation [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Mapping of a Major Pleiotropic QTL Associated with Sesamin and Sesamolin Variation in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Zhou

Dossou

et al. 2021

Plants

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Deciphering the genetic basis of quantitative agronomic traits is a prerequisite for their improvement. Herein, we identified loci governing the main sesame lignans, sesamin and sesamolin variation in a recombinant inbred lines (RILs, F8) population under two environments. The content of the two lignans in the seeds was investigated by HPLC. The sesamin and sesamolin contents ranged from 0.33 to 7.52 mg/g and 0.36 to 2.70 mg/g, respectively. In total, we revealed 26 QTLs on a linkage map comprising 424 SSR markers, including 16 and 10 loci associated with sesamin and sesamolin variation, respectively. Among them, qSmin_11.1 and qSmol_11.1 detected in both the two environments explained 67.69% and 46.05% of the phenotypic variation of sesamin and sesamolin, respectively. Notably, qSmin11-1 and qSmol11-1 were located in the same interval of 127-127.21cM on LG11 between markers ZMM1776 and ZM918 and acted as a pleiotropic locus. Furthermore, two potential candidate genes (SIN_1005755 and SIN_1005756) at the same locus were identified based on comparative transcriptome analysis. Our results suggest the existence of a single gene of large effect that controls expression, both of sesamin and sesamolin, and provide genetic information for further investigation of the regulation of lignan biosynthesis in sesame.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Mapping of a Major Pleiotropic QTL Associated with Sesamin and Sesamolin Variation in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Zhou

Dossou

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…The sesame plant tissues such as leaves, flowers, and carpels are currently underused while the global market of its seeds is increasing due to their various benefits to human health [10,11]. The recorded pharmacological functions of sesame are mainly attributed to its specific class of lignans sesamin, sesamolin, sesaminol, sesamol, and sesamolinol [12][13][14][15]. The content of the most abundant lignan in sesame, sesamin in leaves was 1/5000 or less than that of seeds [16].…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative metabolomics analysis of different sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) tissues reveals a tissue-specific accumulation of metabolites

Dossou

Cui

et al. 2021

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) leaves, flowers, especially seeds are used in traditional medicine to prevent or cure various diseases. Its seed’s market is expanding. However, the other tissues are still underexploited due to the lack of information related to metabolites distribution and variability in the plant. Herein, the metabolite profiles of five sesame tissues (leaves, fresh seeds, white and purple flowers, and fresh carpels) have been investigated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)-based widely targeted metabolomics analysis platform. Results In total, 776 metabolites belonging to diverse classes were qualitatively and quantitatively identified. The different tissues exhibited obvious differences in metabolites composition. The majority of flavonoids predominantly accumulated in flowers. Amino acids and derivatives, and lipids were identified predominantly in fresh seeds followed by flowers. Many metabolites, including quinones, coumarins, tannins, vitamins, terpenoids and some bioactive phenolic acids (acteoside, isoacteoside, verbascoside, plantamajoside, etc.) accumulated mostly in leaves. Lignans were principally detected in seeds. 238 key significantly differential metabolites were filtered out. KEGG annotation and enrichment analyses of the differential metabolites revealed that flavonoid biosynthesis, amino acids biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were the main differently regulated pathways. In addition to the tissue-specific accumulation of metabolites, we noticed a cooperative relationship between leaves, fresh carpels, and developing seeds in terms of metabolites transfer. Delphinidin-3-O-(6ʺ-O-p-coumaroyl)glucoside and most of the flavonols were up-regulated in the purple flowers indicating they might be responsible for the purple coloration. Conclusion This study revealed that the metabolic processes in the sesame tissues are differently regulated. It offers valuable resources for investigating gene-metabolites interactions in sesame tissues and examining metabolic transports during seed development in sesame. Furthermore, our findings provide crucial knowledge that will facilitate sesame biomass valorization.

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“…Sesamin, the primary constituent lignan found in SSO, exerts potent lipid-lowering effects by targeting key enzymes fatty acid synthesis (e.g., delta-5 desaturase), fatty acid oxidation (e.g., PPARα), and cholesterol metabolism (e.g., 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase) (reviewed in [12]). For example, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor deficient mice fed a diet of SSO were found to have reduced plasma total cholesterol, TG, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly increased compared with atherosclerotic diet-fed animals [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylsulfonylmethane and sesame seed oil improve hyperlipidemia and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in thedb/dbmouse

Volpe

Chapman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: An estimated 463 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, and that number is projected to rise significantly to 700 million by 2045. One of the hallmarks of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome is alterations in the lipid profile and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify lipid alterations in leptin receptor deficient BKS.Cg-Dock7m +/+ Leprdb/J (db/db) mice, a murine model of type 2 diabetes, for the purpose of establishing a baseline biological signature for the subsequent evaluation of natural products with purported lipid-altering activity. Methods: Six-week old male db/db mice (n = 10/group) were randomized to the following groups: 1) diabetic control with no treatment, 2) methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) treatment (3.81 +/- 0.33 g/kg), 3) sesame seed oil (SSO) treatment (23.54 +/- 2.91 mg/kg), and 4) MSM and SSO combination treatment. Eight-week old male C57BL6/J mice (n=10) were used as a non-diabetic control group. Results: Serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were significantly increased in the db/db model compared to nondiabetic control, mimicking the diabetic condition in people. HDL-cholesterol was significantly increased in all db/db treatment groups, with the most significant treatment effect in the MSM and SSO combination group, with a corresponding decrease in non-HDL cholesterol (LDL and VLDL). With regard to fatty acid metabolism, serum total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels were significantly reduced in diabetic mice compared to control mice. In contrast, feeding of only SSO reversed this effect such that fed mice exhibited serum PUFA levels comparable to control mice. Conclusions: Treatment of db/db mice with MSM and SSO improved commonly measured clinical parameters in serum lipid panels. The combination of MSM and SSO treatment effects on HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism could lead to improved clinical outcomes in people such as reduced incidence of atherosclerosis and hepatic steatosis.

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Effects of sesamin on fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism, macrophage cholesterol homeostasis and serum lipid profile: A comprehensive review

Cited by 57 publications

References 39 publications

Fine Mapping of a Major Pleiotropic QTL Associated with Sesamin and Sesamolin Variation in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Fine Mapping of a Major Pleiotropic QTL Associated with Sesamin and Sesamolin Variation in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Comparative metabolomics analysis of different sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) tissues reveals a tissue-specific accumulation of metabolites

Methylsulfonylmethane and sesame seed oil improve hyperlipidemia and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in thedb/dbmouse

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