Effects of Serine Protease Inhibitor and Prostaglandin I2 on Liver Transplantation From Non–Heart-Beating Rat Donors

Miyagi, Shigehito; Okada, Akiho; Oikawa, K; Satō, Atsushi; Fujimori, Keisei; Satoh, Susumu

doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.06.010

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…Immunologically, NM is also known to suppress the production of cytokines IFNγ, TNF, IL17, IL4, IL5, IL6 and IL13 [7,16,17]. NM has also been suggested as an anti-tumor agent since it interferes with NF-κB activation in cancer cell lines [18] and in experimental rodent models [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also effective in inhibiting elements in the alternate pathway such as Factors B and D [ 11 , 13 , 14 ]. Similarly it is able to counter the activation of key molecules in the coagulation cascade such as thrombin and plasmin [ 14 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an anti-inflammatory agent NM appears to prevent granulocyte and phagocytic cell accumulations into damaged tissues [ 11 , 12 , 14 ]. Immunologically, NM is also known to suppress the production of cytokines IFNγ, TNF, IL17, IL4, IL5, IL6 and IL13 [ 7 , 16 , 17 ]. NM has also been suggested as an anti-tumor agent since it interferes with NF-κB activation in cancer cell lines [ 18 ] and in experimental rodent models [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bonte et al [ 11 ] and Schwertz et al [ 14 ] used NM to reduce cardiac injury following experimental ischemia. Miyagi et al [ 16 ] reported a good outcome in experimental liver transplant. Promising results were also reported in a rodent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model [ 7 ] as well as in a rabbit model of autoimmune Guillain-Barre syndrome [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nafamostat mesylate, a serine protease inhibitor, demonstrates novel antimicrobial properties and effectiveness in Chlamydia-induced arthritis

Inman

Chiu

2012

Arthritis Res Ther

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IntroductionEffective treatment of reactive arthritis would ideally achieve both control of inflammation and eradication of persisting arthritogenic pathogens. We use a model of experimental Chlamydia trachomatis-induced arthritis (CtIA) to evaluate the effectiveness of nafamostat mesilate (NM), a serine protease inhibitor with complement-modifying effects and anticoagulant properties. To date clinical use of NM has largely been in Asia and has been primarily confined to inflammatory states such as pancreatitis.MethodsIn vitro studies examined inhibition of Chlamydia proliferation using fibroblast cell lines as targets and phase contrast microscopy. In vivo studies used an established protocol, experimental CtIA, induced in Lewis rats by injection of synoviocyte-packaged C. trachomatis. NM was dissolved in water and administered by daily intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 10 mg/kg beginning the day prior to the administration of Chlamydia. Readouts in vivo included (i) joint swelling, (ii) histopathology scoring of severity of arthritis, (iii) host clearance of the pathogen (by ELISA, the IDEIA PCE Chlamydia).ResultsNM exerted a dose-dependent inhibition of chlamydial proliferation in vitro. Without NM, the mean number of inclusion bodies (IB) per well was 17,886 (± 1415). At 5 μg/mL NM, there were 8,490 (± 756) IB, at 25 μg/mL NM there were 35 IB and at 50 μg/mL NM no IB was observed. Chlamydial antigens in each well along the concentration gradient were assayed by ELISA, demonstrating that at 25 μg/mL NM inhibition of Chlamydia was almost complete. In the experimental arthritis model, joint swelling was significantly reduced with NM treatment: average joint width for the NM-treated animals was 8.55 mm (s.d. ± 0.6578, n = 10) versus 11.18 mm (s.d. ± 0.5672, n = 10) in controls (P < 0.001). Histopathology scoring indicated that NM resulted in a marked attenuation of the inflammatory infiltration and joint damage: mean pathology score in NM-treated animals was 10.9 (± 2.45, n = 11) versus 15.9 (± 1.45, n = 10) in controls (P < 0.0001). With respect to persistence of Chlamydia within the synovial tissues, NM treatment was accompanied by a reduction in the microbial load in the joint: mean optical density (O.D.) for ELISA with NM treatment was 0.05 (± 0.02, n = 4) versus 0.18 (± 0.05, n = 4) in controls (P < 0.001).ConclusionsNM is a protease inhibitor not previously recognized to possess antimicrobial properties. The present study demonstrates for the first time that NM exerts significant impact on C. trachomatis-induced arthritis and suggests that such approaches may prove clinically useful in chronic reactive arthritis.

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