“…Previous research on soundscape perception and reactions to noise has identified several influencing factors related to sound, situation, and perception. Besides exposure level (Wolsink et al, 1993;Basner et al, 2014;Guski et al, 2017), these factors include many non-auditory variables, such as sensitivity to noise (Fields, 1993;Job, 1996;Schreckenberg et al, 2010;Hill et al, 2014;Shepherd et al, 2015;Park et al, 2016;Kim et al, 2017), extraversion and neuroticism with contradictory evidence for the relevance of this factor (Lercher, 1996), attitude toward the source or the authorities that operate the sound source (Stallen, 1999;Job et al, 2007;Kroesen et al, 2008), perceived disturbance (Stallen, 1999;Kroesen et al, 2008), fear of the noise source (Miedema and Vos, 1999), and the failure to cope with the environment which leads to stress (Guski, 1999). Many objective situational variables, including the presence of other people, the location of the perceiver, the sound insulation of dwellings, the visibility of the source, economic benefit through the source, exposure time, or ambient noise level (Fields, 1993;Wolsink et al, 1993;Bangjun et al, 2003;Janssen et al, 2011;Steffens et al, 2017) have also been identified as relevant factors.…”