“…Similar to the effects of taking advanced math courses, students who take advanced science courses are more likely to enter STEM disciplines in post-secondary institutions (e.g., Muller, Stage, & Kinzie, 2001;Trusty, 2002;Anderson & Kim, 2006;Sahin, Morgan, & Erdogan, 2012). Like the positive relationship between math self-efficacy and STEM major choices, not surprisingly, there is a positive association between science self-efficacy and STEM major selection in college (Luzzo, Hasper, Albert, Bibby, & Martinelli, 1999;Scott & Mallinckrodt, 2005). In summary, most STEM studies have focused on traditional learning contexts in math and science disciplines, whereas relatively little attention has been paid to pre-college STEM contexts that are considered progressive learning contexts linked to practical STEM tasks.…”