Effects of selenium supplementation on thyroid hormone metabolism in phenylketonuria subjects on a phenylalanine restricted diet

Calomme, M.; Vanderpas, Jean; François, B.; Caillie‐Bertrand, M. Van; Vanovervelt, N; Hoorebeke, Christopher van; Berghe, Dirk Vanden

doi:10.1007/bf02790137

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Selenium is a component of multiple deiodinases and thioredoxin reductases (reviewed by Beckett and Arthur, 2005;Kohrle et al, 2005), which highlights the importance of Se in thyroid hormone metabolism. Supplementing Se-deficient animals or humans with additional Se results in improved T 3 status (Beckett et al, 1993;Calomme et al, 1995;Hawkes and Keim, 2003). Awadeh et al (1998) reported that dietary concentration of Se (organically bound and inorganic) of cattle in Se-marginal areas resulted in improved T 3 status of dams and calves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of selenium supply and dietary restriction on maternal and fetal metabolic hormones in pregnant ewe lambs1

Ward

Neville

Reed

et al. 2008

Journal of Animal Science

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The objective of these studies was to evaluate the effects of dietary restriction and Se on maternal and fetal metabolic hormones. In Exp. 1, pregnant ewe lambs (n = 32; BW = 45.6 +/- 2.3 kg) were allotted randomly to 1 of 4 treatments. Diets contained (DM basis) either no added Se (control), or supranutritional Se added as high-Se wheat at 3.0 mg/kg (Se-wheat), or sodium selenate at 3 (Se3) and 15 (Se15) mg/kg of Se. Diets (DM basis) were similar in CP (15.5%) and ME (2.68 Mcal/kg). Treatments were initiated at 50 +/- 5 d of gestation. The control, Se-wheat, Se3, and Se15 treatments provided 2.5, 75, 75, and 375 microg/kg of BW of Se, respectively. Ewe jugular blood samples were collected at 50, 64, 78, 92, 106, 120, and 134 d of gestation. Fetal serum samples were collected at necropsy on d 134. In Exp. 2, pregnant ewe lambs (n = 36; BW 53.8 +/- 1.3 kg) were allotted randomly to treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Factors were nutrition (control, 100% of requirements vs. restricted nutrition, 60% of control) and dietary Se (adequate Se, 6 microg/kg of BW vs. high Se, 80 microg/kg of BW). Selenium treatments were initiated 21 d before breeding, and nutritional treatments were initiated on d 64 of gestation. Diets were 16% CP and 2.12 Mcal/kg of ME (DM basis). Blood samples were collected from the ewes at 62, 76, 90, 104, 118, 132, and 135 d of gestation. Fetal blood was collected at necropsy on d 135. In Exp.1, dietary Se source and concentration had no effect (P > 0.17) on maternal and fetal serum IGF-I, triiodothyronine (T(3)), or thyroxine (T(4)) concentrations. Selenium supplementation increased (P = 0.06) the T(4):T(3) ratio vs. controls. In Exp. 2, dietary Se had no impact (P > 0.33) on main effect means for maternal and fetal serum IGF-I, T(3), or T(4) concentrations from d 62 to 132; however, at d 135, high-Se ewes had lower (P = 0.01) serum T(4) concentrations than adequate-Se ewes. A nutrition by Se interaction (P = 0.06) was detected for the T(4):T(3) ratios; ewes fed restricted and adequate-Se diets had greater (P = 0.10) T(4):T(3) ratios compared with the other treatments. Nutrient-restricted ewes had lower (P < 0.05) serum IGF-I, T(3), and T(4) concentrations. Fetal serum IGF-I concentrations were lower (P = 0.01) in restricted-vs. control-fed ewes; however, fetal T(3) and T(4) concentrations were unaffected (P > 0.13) by dietary Se or maternal plane of nutrition. These data indicate that dietary Se may alter maternal T(4):T(3) ratios. In addition, nutrient restriction during gestation reduces maternal IGF-I, T(3), and T(4) and fetal IGF-I concentrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of selenium supply and dietary restriction on maternal and fetal metabolic hormones in pregnant ewe lambs1

Ward

Neville

Reed

et al. 2008

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Brain D2 activity was decreased in these animals, but this was attributed to the down-regulating effects of the elevated circulating T 4 level (23,24), rather than to a direct effect of Se deficiency (22,25). For example, the plasma T 3 /T 4 ratio is low in individuals prone to Se deficiency, such as the elderly (28), patients with phenylkenouria (29), and cystic fibrosis (30), and it normalizes upon Se supplementation (31). The impact of Se status on various clinical parameters is currently being investigated.…”

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confidence: 98%

Effects of Selenium Deficiency on Tissue Selenium Content, Deiodinase Activity, and Thyroid Hormone Economy in the Rat during Development*

et al. 2000

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The iodothyronine deiodinases, D1, D2, and D3, all contain selenium (Se) in the form of selenocysteine at their active sites, and they play crucial roles in determining the circulating and intracellular levels of the active thyroid hormone (TH), T3. However, not only are serum T3 levels normal in Se-deficient rats but phenotypic and reproductive abnormalities are minimal, and it has been suggested that regulatory mechanisms exist to conserve Se in critical tissues. The present study was designed to determine, in rats: 1) whether the effects of Se-deficiency are greater in the fetus and neonate than in the adult; 2) whether there are tissues other than brain and thyroid in which deiodinase activities are maintained; 3) whether the maintenance of deiodinase activity in a specific tissue is associated with a concomitant preservation of Se level in that tissue; and 4) whether TH economy and general health is maintained over several generations. The tissues studied included liver, cerebrum, thyroid, pituitary, skin, brown adipose tissue, uterus, ovary, testis, placenta, and the implantation site (uterus plus contents) at E9. The results have revealed that, with the exception of liver, skin, and nonpregnant uterus, all of the tissues studied maintained substantial deiodinase activity (>50%) during prolonged Se-deficiency. Second, although the ability of a tissue to maintain deiodinase activity in the face of dietary Se deprivation was associated in some tissues with a concomitant local preservation of Se concentration, this was not the case for all tissues. Only when Se levels were decreased by more than 80% was deiodinase activity markedly decreased. Third, the effects of Se-deficiency were no greater in the fetus than in the adult; and fourth, at the level of Se-deficiency employed in this study, TH economy and general health were successfully maintained over six generations of Se-deficient rats. How Se levels are maintained in specific tissues, whether Se is sequestered in specific cells of a tissue or organ during dietary Se deprivation, and the precise mechanisms by which plasma T3 levels are maintained in Se-deficient animals remain unanswered. Further insights may be gained by using diets that are even lower in Se than those that were used herein and/or by conducting studies using radioactive forms of Se and thyroid hormones.

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“…Because of protein restrictions in their diet, these patients have an extremely low Se intake, which can influence thyroid hormone metabolism (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Selenium intake is moderate in Poland, and a tendency toward time-decreasing blood Se levels in children was observed (17).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Selenium in Iodine Metabolism in Children with Goiter

Zagrodzki¹,

Szmigiel²,

Ratajczak³

et al. 2000

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Possible interactions between selenium and iodine metabolism were 'investigated in 7to 16-yearold children with goiter (n = 136) living in southeastem Poland in iodine-deficient areas influenced by a sulfur indusry. The Se-iodine interactions in these children were. compared to the interactions in children from outside of that region (n = 38). Blood selenium (BSe) concentration and plasma glutathione peroxidase activity were much lower in the study group (64.1 * 15.

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Effects of selenium supplementation on thyroid hormone metabolism in phenylketonuria subjects on a phenylalanine restricted diet

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of selenium supply and dietary restriction on maternal and fetal metabolic hormones in pregnant ewe lambs1

Effects of selenium supply and dietary restriction on maternal and fetal metabolic hormones in pregnant ewe lambs1

Effects of Selenium Deficiency on Tissue Selenium Content, Deiodinase Activity, and Thyroid Hormone Economy in the Rat during Development*

The Role of Selenium in Iodine Metabolism in Children with Goiter

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