Effects of selenate addition on selenium accumulation and plant growth of two Prunus rootstock genotypes

Abstract

A pot experiment was conducted with two Prunus genotypes (GF 677 and Mr.S.2/5, commercial rootstocks for peach), which are widely used in Italy and other European countries. Selenium (Se) was added as sodium selenate to 3‐month‐old micropropagated plants at a rate of 0 (control), 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg Se (kg soil)–1. Plant growth, gas exchange, and Se accumulation were studied. Selenium added at a rate of 2.5 and 5.0 mg Se kg–1 appeared to be highly toxic for the two young peach rootstocks. Thirty‐three days after the treatment, the plants showed a high mortality rate. The fast growing rootstock, GF 677, appeared to be more sensitive to Se toxicity, the mortality rate reaching 52%. The higher the Se concentration in the soil, the higher it also was in the plant. In general, both genotypes were able to take up Se and to translocate high amounts from root to leaf. After selenate addition to the soil, both GF 677 and Mr.S.2/5 plants showed reduced plant growth with the highest Se treatments. Furthermore, Se induced a partial stomatal closure, as evidenced by the values of stomatal conductance, resulting in a reduction in net assimilation, and thus a decrease in dry‐matter production. Selenate applied at a low rate (1 mg Se kg–1) stimulated plant growth in GF 677. One year after the Se treatment, a remobilization of Se from the storage organs to the young shoots was detected. This study demonstrates genotypic variation in Se uptake and accumulation in peach rootstocks.

Root application of selenite can simultaneously reduce arsenic and cadmium accumulation and maintain grain yields, but show negative effects on the grain quality of paddy rice

“…This result indicates that the Se (VI) treatment may affect the degree of stomatal opening of rice leaves. It has been reported that Se (VI) can reduce the value of stomatal conductance to induce a partial stomatal closure in two Prunus rootstock genotypes (Pezzarossa et al, 2009), which is consistent with the results of this study.…”

The Roles of Diethylenetriamine Pentaacetate (DTPA) and Ethylenediamine Disuccinate (EDDS) in Remediation of Selenium from Contaminated Soil by Brussels Sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera)

“…Decrease in plant growth and yield with increased DTPA and EDDS application were also reported some research (Turan and Angin 2004;Turan and Esringu 2007;Wu et al 2007;Angin et al 2008;Pezzarossa et al 2009). …”

Changes in sugar content and related enzyme activities in table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) in response to foliar selenium fertilizer

“…However, those studies mostly selected inorganic Se (Na 2 SeO 3 and Na 2 SeO 4 ) as the main form of Se fertilizer. With inorganic Se dual effects on plants, the excessive Se addition inhibited plant growth, resulting in reduced plant growth and a high mortality rate . Thus inorganic Se fertilizer is not suitable for Se fertilizer application.…”

“…With inorganic Se dual effects on plants, the excessive Se addition inhibited plant growth, resulting in reduced plant growth and a high mortality rate. 34 Thus inorganic Se fertilizer is not suitable for Se fertilizer application. This study concluded that spraying a 500× dilution of amino acid-chelated Se-enriched foliar fertilizer, which plants absorbed easily and with no harm to plants or humans, has contributed to increasing the Se content of grape berries.…”