Effects of Seed Rhizome Size on Growth and Yield of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)

Abstract

Turmeric {Curcuma longa L ) plant species produces different sizes of daughter rhizomes (R) and mother rhizomes (MR), which are the only propagules (seed) for its cultivation. Here, we evaluated the effects of seed rhizome size on growth and yield of turmeric. Daughter rhizomes of 5-50 g (R-5 g~R-50 g) and mother rhizomes of 48-52 g (MR) were tested. The heavier the R up to 40 g, die better the plant growth, and die plants from die R-30 g, R-40 g, R-50 g and MR grew similarly well. The seed rhizomes with a greater diameter developed vigorous seedlings. The plants grown from R-30 g, R-40 g and R-50 g had a similar plant height, tiller number and leaf number, which were significantly higher than diose from lighter R. The plants from R-30 g, R-40 g and R-50 g had a significantly larger shoot biomass and higher yield than those from smaller R in both the greenhouse and field experiments. R-50 g was easily broken at the time of planting, and had secondary and tertiary daughter rhizomes, which developed thinner plants and resulted in a lower yield. The shoot biomass and yield were highest in the plants grown directly from MR, and lower in the plants grown from daughter rhizomes attached to MR.This study indicates that the turmeric seed rhizome should be 30-40 g with a larger diameter, and seed mother rhizome should be free from daughter rhizomes.

Effects of Farmyard Manure On Growth and Yield of Turmeric (Curcuma LongaL.) Cultivated in Dark-Red Soil, Red Soil andgray Soil in Okinawa, Japan

“…Similarly, Sarker et al (2001) reported that longer photosynthesis was the key factor of higher rice-yield. Higher shoot biomass resulted in a higher yield, which was in agreement with the results of previous studies (Ishimine et al, 2003;Hossain et al, 2005a). Dark-red soil 141 ± 6bc 18.7 ± 2.6cd 2.5 ± 0.5b 230 41.2 ± 4.7b 39 ± 6d…”

Effects of Application of N, P And K Alone Or In Combination on Growth, Yield And Curcumin Content of Turmeric(Curcuma LongaL.)

“…One turmeric plant requires approximately 0.15 m 2 in field condition for better growth and higher yield (Hossain et al, 2005b), therefore the fertilizers were applied considering this area (0.15 m 2 ), not pot size (0.05 m 2 ). We previously reported that chemical fertilizers of 4 g (N = 1 g, P = 1 g, K = 2 g) per pot in dark-red soil without any compost resulted in poor vegetative growth and low yield of turmeric, and the leaves seemed to be light green (Hossain et al, 2005a). Therefore, the fertilizers at the increased rate have been applied to evaluate their effects on turmeric.…”

Assessing the Suitability of Turmeric Seed Rhizome Sizes on Biometric and Qualitative Traits Under Mid Hill Conditions

“…curcumin (Rakhunde et al, 1998) and is considered as an important factor in sensory and consumer acceptance of products (Wang et al, 2009). Besides being a spice crop, it has worldwide demand in cosmetic as well as in medicinal industry (Hossain et al, 2005). Its role as an antimalarial (Nandakumar et al, 2006), anti-inflammatory and antitumor (Gupta et al, 2012) has been well appreciated worldwide and it has also been known to modulate lipid metabolism, which has been implicated in obesity (Alappat & Awad, 2010).…”

“…So it is obvious that the selection of right size planting material (length, weight and number of growing buds per seed) is an important factor for turmeric cultivation. Although the standard size of turmeric rhizome for planting is 20-30 g as per the scientific package of practices yet many researchers reported that planting larger turmeric seed rhizomes resulted in higher yield compared to smaller seed rhizomes (Randhawa & Mishra, 1974;Borget, 1993;Hossain et al, 2005). Further, Awasthy & Jessykutty (2017) also reported that a turmeric rhizome bit of approximate weight i.e.…”