Effects of secondary structure of fillers on the mechanical properties of silica filled rubber systems

Yatsuyanagi, Fumito; Suzuki, Nozomu; Ito, Masayoshi; Kaidou, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(01)00472-4

Cited by 158 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The addition of fillers is necessary for achieving certain degree of reinforcement that leads to significant improvement of the mechanical properties. The reinforcement depends to a large extent on the polymer properties, filler characteristics (particle size or specific surface area, structure and surface activity), and filler loading (amount of filler) and processing conditions [20][21][22]. The results from this study indicate that incorporation of nano SiO 2 at concentrations of 5% by weight into a maxillofacial silicone improves tear strength, tensile strength, elongation and hardness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Effect of Nano Silicon Dioxide Addition on Some Properties of Heat Vulcanized Maxillofacial Silicone Elastomer

Tukmachi¹,

Ali²

2017

IOSRJPBS

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Effect of Nano Silicon Dioxide Addition on Some Properties of Heat Vulcanized Maxillofacial Silicone Elastomer

Tukmachi¹,

Ali²

2017

IOSRJPBS

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“…The details were described in our previous paper. 18 Stress-Strain Behavior. The stress-strain curves were obtained by the tensile tester (Autograph, Shimadzu Seisaku-shyo, LTD) at room temperature with the strain rate of 100% min −1 .…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Surface Chemistry of Silica Particles on the Mechanical Properties of Silica Filled Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Systems

Yatsuyanagi

Suzuki

Ito

et al. 2002

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:The effects of surface chemistry of silica particles on the mechanical properties were studied for silica filled styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) systems. The samples were prepared from different kinds of silicas and of silane coupling agents. The breakdown of the agglomerate formed by silica particles was successfully detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations when the strain was applied to silica filled vulcanizates. The degree of breakdown of the agglomerate of silica particles by the strain was more prominent in the larger one of which size was controlled by the number of silanol group per unit surface area of silica particles. The amount of entrapped rubber within the agglomerate seemed to be decreased with the decrease in the agglomerate size. Also, the initial agglomerate size and the change of agglomerate by the strain became small by the introduction of silane coupling agent, such as bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfane (TESPT). At a given degree of vulcanization, the initial modulus of silica filled vulcanizates was governed by the size of agglomerate formed by silica particles and the amount of entrapped rubber phase. On the other hand, at a larger strain, the tensile strength of the filled vulcanizates increased by the introduction of interfacial combination between silica particles and rubber matrix by TESPT. These results indicate that the stress-strain behavior of filled vulcanizate is affected by the agglomerate of the fillers and the interactions between filler and rubber matrix.KEY WORDS Silica / Styrene-Butadiene Rubber / Silane Coupling Agent / Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) / Agglomerate / Mechanical Properties / Silicas have been used as fillers for rubber reinforcement. 1-3 However, the utilization of silica caused two serious problems. One was a bad processability, such as a lower dispersiblity of silica particles in rubber matrix and a high viscosity of silica filled unvulcanizates. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The other one was a poor reinforcement, such as a low tensile strength, low abrasion resistance and so on, in comparison with carbon black filled rubber composites. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The chemical environment of silica particle is quite different from that of carbon black due to the existence of silanol groups in the particles. Thus, the primary discussion on the properties of silica filled rubber composites has been concerned with the interactions between silica particles and the interactions between silica particles and rubber molecules. Wolff and Wang studied the effects of surface energies of fillers on rubber reinforcement, and reported 7 that the surface energies of silica were characterized by a dispersive and specific components. The higher specific component led to the higher viscosity of the rubber composites due to the strong interactions among silica particles. On the other hand, the lower dispersive component caused weak filler-rubber interactions, leading to the lower † To whom correspondence should be addressed. content of bound...

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“…The calculated cross-links density  (as shown in Table 3) confirmed the previous discussion. 24 The dependence of maximum weight change and crosslinking density with filler concentration for the investigated samples can be seen in Fig.5. As it can be seen from the figure, the lowest swelling rate is obtained for samples loaded with the optimum filler concentration 40 CB/60 silica, which agreed well with the calculated data gave in Table 3.…”

Section: Samplesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Developing Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Blends for Industrial Applications

Ateia¹,

El‐Nashar²,

Takla³

et al. 2017

ECB

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Different contents of high abrasion furnace black filler [HAF] and white filler [silica are mixed with ethylene-propylenediene monomer rubber [EPDM] cured by the conventional sulfur system. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) characteristics, physico-mechanical properties and swelling measurements of the prepared samples have been investigated. EDAX analyses were done to define the chemical composition of the investigated samples and to locate the dispersion of the fillers and theirs intensity. Comparison of the black and white fillers was performed and it was found that filler incorporation into the rubber matrix was one of the major parameters that enhanced the tensile strength and swelling resistance. The hardness of the investigated samples increased with increasing the filler concentration up to 40/60 phr (part per hundred parts of rubber). This increase can be attributed to greater and more uniform dispersion of filler into the rubber system. Carbon/silica are extensively used in the industry as cheapening filler with high reinforcing effect. Finally, the addition of precipitated silica at the expanse of toxic carbon black (CB) is the main step in decreasing the health risk associated with the presence of CB-filled EPDM composites.

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Effects of secondary structure of fillers on the mechanical properties of silica filled rubber systems

Cited by 158 publications

References 21 publications

Effect of Nano Silicon Dioxide Addition on Some Properties of Heat Vulcanized Maxillofacial Silicone Elastomer

Effect of Nano Silicon Dioxide Addition on Some Properties of Heat Vulcanized Maxillofacial Silicone Elastomer

Effects of Surface Chemistry of Silica Particles on the Mechanical Properties of Silica Filled Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Systems

Developing Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Blends for Industrial Applications

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