Effects of seat back height and posture on 3D vibration transmission to pelvis, trunk and head

Mirakhorlo, Mojtaba; Kluft, Nick; Shyrokau, Barys; Happee, Riender

doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2022.103327

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In the slalom experiment, external vision strongly reduced motion sickness as compared to internal vision, whereas the effect on head roll was not significant [1]. In the vibration experiment, the eyes-closed condition elicited up to 25% more head rotation between 1-2 Hz, and no sickness was encountered in any condition due to the limited exposure time and amplitude [31].…”

Section: Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Slalom: Vehicle tests with slalom manoeuvres [1]; 2. Vibration: Motion platform tests with wideband noise signals, separately testing three seat translational motion directions with compliant seats [31].…”

Section: Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Motion was simulated by applying the measured platform acceleration. The frequency domain transmission from platform to body segment (head, trunk and pelvis) acceleration was determined using a Hanning window with 15 segments (i.e., a window size of 24 s), with 50 percent overlap [31].…”

Section: Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data Availability Statement: See [31] for experimental data and www.madymo.com (18 May 2022) for the active human model.…”

Section: Conflicts Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulating 3D Human Postural Stabilization in Vibration and Dynamic Driving

Mirakhorlo¹,

Kluft²,

Desai³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In future automated vehicles we will often engage in non-driving tasks and will not watch the road. This will affect postural stabilization and may elicit discomfort or even motion sickness in dynamic driving. Future vehicles shall accommodate this by properly designed seats and interiors whereas comfortable vehicle motion shall be achieved with smooth driving styles and well de-signed (active) suspensions. To support research and development in dynamic comfort, this paper presents validation of a multi-segment full body human model including visuo-vestibular and muscle spindle feedback for postural stabilization. Dynamic driving is evaluated using a “sicken-ing drive” including a 0.2 Hz 4 m/s2 slalom. Vibration transmission is evaluated with compliant automotive seats, applying 3D platform motion and evaluating 3D translation and rotation of pelvis, trunk and head. The model matches human motion in dynamic driving and reproduces fore-aft, lateral and vertical oscillations. Visuo-vestibular and muscle spindle feedback are shown to be essential in particular for head-neck stabilization. Active leg muscle control at the hips and knees is shown to be essential to stabilize the trunk in the high amplitude slalom condition but not in low amplitude horizontal vibrations. However, active leg muscle control can strongly affect 4-6 Hz vertical vibration transmission. Compared to the vibration tests, the dynamic driving tests show enlarged postural control gains to minimize trunk and head roll and pitch, and to align head yaw with the driving direction. Human modelling can create the required insights to achieve breakthrough comfort enhance-ments while enabling efficient development for a wide range of driving conditions, body sizes and other factors. Hence, modelling human postural control can accelerate innovation of seats and vehicle motion control strategies for (automated) vehicles.

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Section: Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data Availability Statement: See [31] for experimental data and www.madymo.com (18 May 2022) for the active human model.…”

Section: Conflicts Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Simulating 3D Human Postural Stabilization in Vibration and Dynamic Driving

Mirakhorlo¹,

Kluft²,

Desai³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…For instance, posture was influential in simulations of occupant response to braking ( Erlinger et al, 2022 ). In a test with volunteers, posture was found to influence volunteer posture stabilization in vibrational loading ( Mirakhorlo et al, 2022 ). As a step towards modelling an elderly population, neural delay and muscle peak maximum force were identified as influencing steering wheel and brake pedal force, in simulations of bracing ( Banik et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating sources for variability in volunteer kinematics in a braking maneuver, a sensitivity analysis with an active human body model

Larsson,

Iraeus,

Davidsson

2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Occupant kinematics during evasive maneuvers, such as crash avoidance braking or steering, varies within the population. Studies have tried to correlate the response to occupant characteristics such as sex, stature, age, and BMI, but these characteristics explain no or very little of the variation. Therefore, hypothesis have been made that the difference in occupant response stems from voluntary behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect from other sources of variability: in neural delay, in passive stiffness of fat, muscle tissues and skin, in muscle size and in spinal alignment, as a first step towards explaining the variability seen among occupants in evasive maneuvers. A sensitivity analysis with simulations of the SAFER Human Body Model in braking was performed, and the displacements from the simulations were compared to those of volunteers. The results suggest that the head and torso kinematics were most sensitive to spinal alignment, followed by muscle size. For head and torso vertical displacements, the range in model kinematics was comparable to the range in volunteer kinematics. However, for forward displacements, the included parameters only explain some of the variability seen in the volunteer experiment. To conclude, the results indicate that the variation in volunteer vertical kinematics could be partly attributed to the variability in human characteristics analyzed in this study, while these cannot alone explain the variability in forward kinematics. The results can be used in future tuning of HBMs, and in future volunteer studies, when further investigating the potential causes of the large variability seen in occupant kinematics in evasive maneuvers.

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Computationally Efficient Human Body Modelling for Real Time Motion Comfort Assessment

Desai

Cvetković

et al. 2023

Advances in Digital Human Modeling

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Effects of seat back height and posture on 3D vibration transmission to pelvis, trunk and head

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Simulating 3D Human Postural Stabilization in Vibration and Dynamic Driving

Simulating 3D Human Postural Stabilization in Vibration and Dynamic Driving

Investigating sources for variability in volunteer kinematics in a braking maneuver, a sensitivity analysis with an active human body model

Computationally Efficient Human Body Modelling for Real Time Motion Comfort Assessment

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