Effects of seasonal rainfall and water table movement on the soil solution composition of tropical peatland

Marwanto, Setiari; Watanabe, Tetsuyou; Iskandar, Wahyu; Sabiham, Supiandi; Funakawa, Shinya

doi:10.1080/00380768.2018.1436940

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The effect of plant N uptake on N 2 O emissions was also reported by other studies [54,55]. Marwanto et al [56] showed that during a drought, two tropical peatlands exhibited a low soil pH (pH 3.7-pH 4.0) at a depth of 50 cm and a high soil pH (pH 5.9-pH 6.8) at a depth of 200 cm. These phenomena are attributed to oxidation reactions such as organic acids and NO 3 − generation in shallower soil and reduction reactions such as denitrification in deeper soil during a drought.…”

Section: Effect Of N Fertilization On Oil Palm Yieldsupporting

confidence: 69%

Soil N2O Emissions under Different N Rates in an Oil Palm Plantation on Tropical Peatland

Chaddy

Melling²,

Ishikura

et al. 2019

Agriculture

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(1) Background: Nitrogen (N) fertilization on drained tropical peatland will likely stimulate peat decomposition and mineralization, enhancing N2O emission from the peat soil. (2) Methods: A field experiment was conducted to quantify the N2O emissions from soil in an oil palm plantation (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) located in a tropical peatland in Sarawak, Malaysia, under different rates of N fertilizers. The study was conducted from January 2010 to December 2013 and resumed from January 2016 to December 2017. Nitrous oxide (N2O) flux was measured every month using a closed chamber method for four different N rates; control—without N (T1), 31.1 kg N ha−1 yr−1 (T2), 62.2 kg N ha−1 yr−1 (T3), and 124.3 kg N ha−1 yr−1 (T4); (3) Results: Application of the N fertilizer significantly increased annual cumulative N2O emissions for T4 only in the years 2010 (p = 0.017), 2011 (p = 0.012), 2012 (p = 0.007), and 2016 (p = 0.048). The highest average annual cumulative N2O emissions were recorded for T4 (41.5 ± 28.7 kg N ha−1 yr−1), followed by T3 (35.1 ± 25.7 kg N ha−1 yr−1), T1 (25.2 ± 17.8 kg N ha−1 yr−1), and T2 (25.1 ± 15.4 kg N ha−1 yr−1), indicating that the N rates of 62.2 kg N ha−1 yr−1 and 124.3 kg N ha−1 yr−1 increased the average annual cumulative N2O emissions by 39% and 65%, respectively, as compared to the control. The N fertilization had no significant effect on annual oil palm yield (p = 0.994). Alternating between low (deeper than −60 cm) and high groundwater level (GWL) (shallower than −60 cm) enhanced nitrification during low GWL, further supplying NO3− for denitrification in the high GWL, and contributing to higher N2O emissions in high GWL. The emissions of N2O ranged from 17 µg N m−2 hr−1 to 2447 µg N m−2 hr−1 and decreased when the water-filled pore space (WFPS) was between 70% and 96%, suggesting the occurrence of complete denitrification. A positive correlation between N2O emissions and NO3− at 70–96% WFPS indicated that denitrification increased with increased NO3− availability. Based on their standardized regression coefficients, the effect of GWL on N2O emissions increased with increased N rate (p < 0.001). Furthermore, it was found that annual oil palm yields negatively correlated with annual N2O emission and NO3− for all treatments. Both nitrification and denitrification increased with increased N availability, making both processes important sources of N2O in oil palm cultivation on tropical peatland.; and (4) Conclusions: To improve understanding of N2O mitigation strategies, further studies should consider plant N uptake on N2O emissions, at least until the completion of the planting.

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Section: Effect Of N Fertilization On Oil Palm Yieldsupporting

confidence: 69%

Soil N2O Emissions under Different N Rates in an Oil Palm Plantation on Tropical Peatland

Chaddy

Melling²,

Ishikura

et al. 2019

Agriculture

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“…Therefore, these factors controlling GHG fluxes as shown above might be changed in the late dry season and rainy season. For example, soil pH is decreased during dry season due to organic matter decomposition and is increased again when rainy season comes due to dilution by heavy rain [63]. Soil pH influences organic matter decomposition [11,56] and denitrification [64].…”

Section: Factors Controling Greenhouse Gas Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Soil Properties Regulate Greenhouse Gas Fluxes and Global Warming Potential in Three Land Use Types on Tropical Peat

et al. 2018

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This study investigated spatial factors controlling CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes and compared global warming potential (GWP) among undrained forest (UDF), drained forest (DF), and drained burned land (DBL) on tropical peatland in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sampling was performed once within two weeks in the beginning of dry season. CO2 flux was significantly promoted by lowering soil moisture and pH. The result suggests that oxidative peat decomposition was enhanced in drier position, and the decomposition acidify the peat soils. CH4 flux was significantly promoted by a rise in groundwater level, suggesting that methanogenesis was enhanced under anaerobic condition. N2O flux was promoted by increasing soil nitrate content in DF, suggesting that denitrification was promoted by substrate availability. On the other hand, N2O flux was promoted by lower soil C:N ratio and higher soil pH in DBL and UDF. CO2 flux was the highest in DF (241 mg C m−2 h−1) and was the lowest in DBL (94 mg C m−2 h−1), whereas CH4 flux was the highest in DBL (0.91 mg C m−2 h−1) and was the lowest in DF (0.01 mg C m−2 h−1), respectively. N2O flux was not significantly different among land uses. CO2 flux relatively contributed to 91–100% of GWP. In conclusion, it is necessary to decrease CO2 flux to mitigate GWP through a rise in groundwater level and soil moisture in the region.

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“…Usually this spatial variability is not considered, and soil C, and other variables, are informed as the mean value of a more restrictive number of samples. The variation found in this study could be due to differences in the soil profile development affected by the fluctuation of water table, which was not measured in this study, but it is documented for peatland biomes (Marwanco et al., 2018; Taminskas et al., 2018). The estimated soil C using auxiliary variables showed a short range of spatial variability (Figure 4), while most of the study area varies between 121–170 mg C g soil −1 and 171–220 mg C g soil −1 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Carbon dioxide emissions at local scale linked to soil heterotrophic activity from an experimentally simulated drained peatland in Western Patagonia (Tierra del Fuego, Chile)

Córdova

Garrido-Ruiz

Machuca

et al. 2021

Soil Use and Management

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Greenhouse gas emissions from managed peatlands have not been extensively studied in Western Patagonia. The objective of this study was to assess the annual CO2 emission from microbial carbon (C) mineralization in a peatland site under not saturated conditions at Tierra del Fuego. The annual CO2 emissions were measured from unsaturated soil samples (n = 41) under soil incubation at seasonal local temperatures to simulate CO2 emissions for a year, using a non‐dispersive infrared gas analyser. Spatial models for total soil C and CO2 were calculated using discrete and continuous variables. The annual mean of measured cumulative CO2 was 1,358 µg CO2 g soil−1, lower than Northern peatlands, and 82% of the C mineralization occurred in the warmer season. The modelled CO2 in the warmer season showed levels of CO2 as high as 4 mg CO2 g soil−1, but 66% of the area showed between 600–2000 µg CO2 g soil−1, which is 28%–92% and 9%–32% of CO2 values reported for crop rotations. Consequently, after a potential habilitation of the study area for agricultural use, the soil CO2 emissions from heterotrophic activity would become a C source to the global CO2 emissions. This ecosystem is highly exposed to the effects of the land‐use change, and global temperature increase.

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Effects of seasonal rainfall and water table movement on the soil solution composition of tropical peatland

Cited by 20 publications

References 44 publications

Soil N2O Emissions under Different N Rates in an Oil Palm Plantation on Tropical Peatland

Soil N2O Emissions under Different N Rates in an Oil Palm Plantation on Tropical Peatland

Variation in Soil Properties Regulate Greenhouse Gas Fluxes and Global Warming Potential in Three Land Use Types on Tropical Peat

Carbon dioxide emissions at local scale linked to soil heterotrophic activity from an experimentally simulated drained peatland in Western Patagonia (Tierra del Fuego, Chile)

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