Effects of season, browse species and polyethylene glycol addition on gas production kinetics of forages in the subhumid subtropical savannah, South Africa

Basha, N. A. D.; Scogings, Peter F.; Nsahlai, I. V.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.5895

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This may be due to seasonal changes in the quantity and nutritional quality of availability pasture. During the RAS season, most plant species are richer in nutrients such as N and P and digestibility is high due to low amount of secondary metabolites such as tannins and polyphenols in most grasses found in the savannah regions (Martz et al 2010;Basha et al 2013;Scogings et al 2015).…”

Section: Haematological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of seasonal changes on physiological variables, haematology and serum thyroid hormones profile in male Red Sokoto and Sahel goats

Habibu

Kawu

Aluwong

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological responses of adult male Red Sokoto goats (n = 10; indigenous to the Guinea Savannah climate) and Sahel goats (n = 10; indigenous to the Sahel climate) at the peak of the cold-dry (CDS), hot-dry (HDS) and rainy seasons prevailing in the Guinea Savannah zone of Nigeria. Results revealed that Red Sokoto goats had significantly higher rectal temperature (RT), PCV, red blood cell (RBC), Hb, thyroxin (T 4 ), but lower respiratory rate (RR) and total leucocyte count (TLC) than Sahel goats during the CDS. Comparison within breeds for the three seasons showed that both breeds exhibited the highest (P < .05) PR, RT, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (N:L), but lower mean corpuscular volume and triiodothyronine (T 3 ) during the HDS. In addition, Red Sokoto goats showed higher (P < .05) RR and T 4 , but lower RBC, Hb, lymphocyte counts and T 3 :T 4 . However, Sahel goats exhibited higher (P < .05) PCV, RBC, erythrocyte osmotic fragility, but lower circulating T 4 . It was concluded that the cold and hot seasons exerted different physiological effects on the two breeds of goats with marked variation in RT, composition of blood cellular components, thyroid physiology and erythrocyte membrane integrity. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Haematological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of seasonal changes on physiological variables, haematology and serum thyroid hormones profile in male Red Sokoto and Sahel goats

Habibu

Kawu

Aluwong

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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“…as protection against herbivores, pathogens or ultraviolet (UV) radiation (Skarpe and Hester 2008, Tharayil et al 2011, Tremblay et al 2012. The roles of condensed tannins in plant-herbivore interactions include reducing plant palatability and intake or digestion by herbivores (Basha et al 2013) and reducing internal parasite loads in herbivores (Copani et al 2013). Furthermore, some condensed tannins reduce methane and nitrous oxide emissions of ruminants (Hassanat and Benchar 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration of a hand-held instrument for measuring condensed tannin concentration based on UV- and red-excited fluorescence

Scogings

Siko

Taylor

2014

African Journal of Range & Forage Science

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Condensed tannins are ecologically important compounds in plants for several reasons, e.g. as herbivore deterrents or protecting photosynthetic tissues against ultraviolet radiation. The hand-held Dualex Series 4 instrument was originally developed for indirect determination of flavonol concentrations in crops. Flavonols are low-molecular-weight phenolics from which condensed tannins are synthesised. Therefore, it was expected that the Dualex's 'flavonol index' (range 0.00-3.00) could be used to predict condensed tannin concentrations, providing a rapid, cost-effective, non-destructive method to sample more species and more plants per treatment than destructive methods used for wet-chemistry tannin assays. Thirteen broad-leaved woody species were sampled at the Nkuhlu and Letaba exclosures in Kruger National Park during December 2011. Four plants were sampled per species by collecting 100 leaves per plant, measuring the flavonol index of each leaf and pooling them in classes of 0.10 flavonol units. Condensed tannin concentrations were determined according to the acid-butanol assay with Sorghum tannin as standard. Regression models (condensed tannin = a*flavonol index -b) were significant for only four species: Acacia nigrescens (Senegalia nigrescens), Euclea divinorum, Spirostachys africana and Combretum zeyheri. Other than high variation in chemistry among plants, poor calibration results were likely caused by high chemical variation within leaves.

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“…Basha et al (2013) noted that the addition of PEG overcomes the inhibitory effect of tannins on rumen microbes. Arhab et al (2009) evaluated the influence of tannins present in arid zone forages from North Africa including Aristida plumosa, Astragalus gombiformis, Genista saharae, two date palm fractions (leaves and racemes), and vetch-oat hay taken as control on in vitro GP.…”

Section: In Vitro Kinetics Of P Cineraria With Pegmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol onin VitroGas Production Kinetics ofProsopis CinerariaLeaves at Different Growth Stages

Elahi

Nia

Salem

et al. 2014

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on in vitro gas production (GP) kinetics of Prosopis cineraria leaves at different growth stages. The contents of total phenol (TPH), total tannin (TT) and condensed tannin (CT) were determined. Effects on in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolisable energy (ME) and effective dry matter digestibility were assessed by PEG tannin bioassay. No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed for TPH content; however, the stage of flowering had the highest (P<0.05) content of both TT and CT. No interaction effects (P>0.05) were observed between the growth stage and PEG addition for in vitro GP and its parameters. Addition of PEG increased (P<0.05) GP, OMD and ME in all stages. In conclusion, adding PEG to P. cineraria leaves can improve their nutritive value and could be considered as a potential feed for ruminants.

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Effects of season, browse species and polyethylene glycol addition on gas production kinetics of forages in the subhumid subtropical savannah, South Africa

Abstract: Both season and species affected the GP parameters. The addition of PEG emphasises that the inhibitory effect of tannins on rumen microbes was greater for all but C. odorata, confirming that these browse species can be used as feed supplements.

Cited by 13 publications

References 55 publications

Influence of seasonal changes on physiological variables, haematology and serum thyroid hormones profile in male Red Sokoto and Sahel goats

Influence of seasonal changes on physiological variables, haematology and serum thyroid hormones profile in male Red Sokoto and Sahel goats

Calibration of a hand-held instrument for measuring condensed tannin concentration based on UV- and red-excited fluorescence

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol onin VitroGas Production Kinetics ofProsopis CinerariaLeaves at Different Growth Stages

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