Effects of sea surface warming on the production and composition of dissolved organic matter during phytoplankton blooms: results from a mesocosm study

Engel, Anja; Händel, Nicole; Wohlers, Julia; Lunau, Mirko; Grossart, Hans‐Peter; Sommer, Ulrich; Riebesell, Ulf

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbq122

Cited by 84 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…Following this argument, light was likely not responsible for the reduction of PER observed on day 14, because PAR at that day was 325 ± 164 µmol photons m −2 s −1 and rather above than below the PAR of previous days. Temperature has also been suggested to affect exudation, yielding higher PER at higher temperatures (Zlotnik and Dubinsky, 1989;Moran et al, 2006;Engel et al, 2011). However, since temperature increased in the course of the mesocosms study, this also would favor rather than suppress PER.…”

Section: Primary Production Of Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The extracellular release of DOC is a normal function of algal cells (Fogg, 1966) and represents with ∼ 3-40 % (percentage of extracellular release, PER) a significant fraction of primary production (Myklestad, 1977;Mague et al, 1980;Baines and Pace, 1991). Factors influencing primary production, such as light and temperature, were shown to also affect the production of DOC (Zlotnik and Dubinsky, 1989;Baines and Pace, 1991;Engel et al, 2011).…”

Section: A Engel Et Al: Co 2 Increases 14 C Primary Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CO2 increases 14C primary production in an Arctic plankton community

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Responses to ocean acidification in plankton communities were studied during a CO2-enrichment experiment in the Arctic Ocean, accomplished from June to July 2010 in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (78°56′ 2′′ N, 11°53′ 6′′ E). Enclosed in 9 mesocosms (volume: 43.9–47.6 m3), plankton was exposed to CO2 concentrations, ranging from glacial to projected mid-next-century levels. Fertilization with inorganic nutrients at day 13 of the experiment supported the accumulation of phytoplankton biomass, as indicated by two periods of high chl a concentration. This study tested for CO2 sensitivities in primary production (PP) of particulate organic carbon (PPPOC) and of dissolved organic carbon (PPDOC). Therefore, 14C-bottle incubations (24 h) of mesocosm samples were performed at 1 m depth receiving about 60% of incoming radiation. PP for all mesocosms averaged 8.06 ± 3.64 μmol C L−1 d−1 and was slightly higher than in the outside fjord system. Comparison between mesocosms revealed significantly higher PPPOC at elevated compared to low pCO2 after nutrient addition. PPDOC was significantly higher in CO2-enriched mesocosms before as well as after nutrient addition, suggesting that CO2 had a direct influence on DOC production. DOC concentrations inside the mesocosms increased before nutrient addition and more in high CO2 mesocosms. After addition of nutrients, however, further DOC accumulation was negligible and not significantly different between treatments, indicating rapid utilization of freshly produced DOC. Bacterial biomass production (BP) was coupled to PP in all treatments, indicating that 3.5 ± 1.9% of PP or 21.6 ± 12.5% of PPDOC provided on average sufficient carbon for synthesis of bacterial biomass. During the later course of the bloom, the response of 14C-based PP rates to CO2 enrichment differed from net community production (NCP) rates that were also determined during this mesocosm campaign. We conclude that the enhanced release of labile DOC during autotrophic production at high CO2 exceedingly stimulated activities of heterotrophic microorganisms. As a consequence, increased PP induced less NCP, as suggested earlier for carbon-limited microbial systems in the Arctic.

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Section: Primary Production Of Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: A Engel Et Al: Co 2 Increases 14 C Primary Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 increases 14C primary production in an Arctic plankton community

et al. 2013

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“…Increasing temperatures have been shown to enhance the decomposition of organic matter and the extracellular release of carbohydrates in seawater (Wohlers et al, 2009;Engel et al, 2011). Here, 20 different CAZymes were quantified for Leptospirillum group III bacteria (Figure 4).…”

Section: Effect Of Warming On Leptospirillum Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated temperature alters proteomic responses of individual organisms within a biofilm community

et al. 2014

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Microbial communities that underpin global biogeochemical cycles will likely be influenced by elevated temperature associated with environmental change. Here, we test an approach to measure how elevated temperature impacts the physiology of individual microbial groups in a community context, using a model microbial-based ecosystem. The study is the first application of tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomics to a microbial community. We accurately, precisely and reproducibly quantified thousands of proteins in biofilms growing at 40, 43 and 46 1C. Elevated temperature led to upregulation of proteins involved in amino-acid metabolism at the level of individual organisms and the entire community. Proteins from related organisms differed in their relative abundance and functional responses to temperature. Elevated temperature repressed carbon fixation proteins from two Leptospirillum genotypes, whereas carbon fixation proteins were significantly upregulated at higher temperature by a third member of this genus. Leptospirillum group III bacteria may have been subject to viral stress at elevated temperature, which could lead to greater carbon turnover in the microbial food web through the release of viral lysate. Overall, these findings highlight the utility of proteomics-enabled community-based physiology studies, and provide a methodological framework for possible extension to additional mixed culture and environmental sample analyses.

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“…This caused a significant reduction in the biological net drawdown of dissolved inorganic carbon, a reduced availability of particulate organic matter (POM) for sedimentation and an enhanced accumulation of dissolved organic carbon compounds. Moreover, experimental warming led to a reduced net build-up of particulate organic phosphorus (POP) and an elevated as well as accelerated accumulation of dissolved combined carbohydrates (dcCHO), thereby also affecting the stoichiometry of particulate and dissolved organic matter (Wohlers 2009;Engel et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of rising temperature on pelagic biogeochemistry in mesocosm systems: a comparative analysis of the AQUASHIFT Kiel experiments

et al. 2012

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A comparative analysis of data, obtained during four indoor-mesocosm experiments with natural spring plankton communities from the Baltic Sea, was conducted to investigate whether biogeochemical cycling is affected by an increase in water temperature of up to 6°C above present-day conditions. In all experiments, warming stimulated in particular heterotrophic bacterial processes and had an accelerating effect on the temporal development of phytoplankton blooms. This was also mirrored in the build-up and partitioning of organic matter between particulate and dissolved phases.Thus, warming increased both the magnitude and rate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) build-up, whereas the accumulation of particulate organic carbon (POC) and phosphorus (POP) decreased with rising temperature. In concert, the observed temperature-mediated changes in biogeochemical components suggest strong shifts in the functioning of marine pelagic food webs and the ocean's biological carbon pump, hence providing potential feedback mechanisms to Earth's climate system.

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Effects of sea surface warming on the production and composition of dissolved organic matter during phytoplankton blooms: results from a mesocosm study

Cited by 84 publications

References 59 publications

CO<sub>2</sub> increases <sup>14</sup>C primary production in an Arctic plankton community

CO<sub>2</sub> increases <sup>14</sup>C primary production in an Arctic plankton community

Elevated temperature alters proteomic responses of individual organisms within a biofilm community

Effects of rising temperature on pelagic biogeochemistry in mesocosm systems: a comparative analysis of the AQUASHIFT Kiel experiments

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Effects of sea surface warming on the production and composition of dissolved organic matter during phytoplankton blooms: results from a mesocosm study

Cited by 84 publications

References 59 publications

CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; increases &lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;C primary production in an Arctic plankton community

CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; increases &lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;C primary production in an Arctic plankton community

Elevated temperature alters proteomic responses of individual organisms within a biofilm community

Effects of rising temperature on pelagic biogeochemistry in mesocosm systems: a comparative analysis of the AQUASHIFT Kiel experiments

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CO<sub>2</sub> increases <sup>14</sup>C primary production in an Arctic plankton community

CO<sub>2</sub> increases <sup>14</sup>C primary production in an Arctic plankton community