Effects of L‐carnitine supplementation to diets with different fat sources and energy levels on fatty acid composition of egg yolk of laying hens

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The present study was carried out to determine the effects of feeding diets with two different levels of metabolisable energy (ME) (11.51 or 10.88 MJ ME kg −1 diet) and three different sources of fat (palm oil, sunflower oil or fish oil) with or without supplemental L-carnitine (0 or 500 mg kg −1 diet) on the fatty acid (FA) composition of egg yolk and the passage of n3 polyunsaturated FAs to egg yolk in laying hens.

Effect of Use Different of L-Carnitine on Productive Performance on Egg of Two Breeds of Japanese Quail

“…These results agreed with [14,15,22], as for the effect of carnitine levels, we observe that there are no significant differences in the characteristics of feed consumption rate, feed conversion efficiency, and ratio of deaths, where the treatment 200 mg/kg fodder was less feed consumption and better feed conversion efficiency. These results agreed with what was found by [18,20,24]. As for the effect of strain interaction with carnitine treatments, we find a significant superiority in the characteristics of feed conversion efficiency (gm/gm eggs) but the interaction of white quail with the treatment 250 mg /kg fodder was the lee value in feed conversion efficiency, which confirms that it was the best among the interactions in the efficiency of converting food into eggs.…”

“…80 mm. These results agreed with [24], as for the interaction between the strain and the feeding treatments on the levels of carnitine, we observe that there are significant differences (p≤0.05) between the interactions in the characteristics of albumen height and yolk diameter, where the interactions between the treatment of desert quail 250 mg carnitine /kg fodder were superior to the rest of interactions, where the height of the yolk was 6.41 mm, while the diameter of yolk was 24,53. The reason for this may be due to the cumulative effect of the outcome of heredity and nutrition.…”

“…these result with [14,16]. The results of table (4) indicate that there are a significant differences (p≤0.05) between treatments for albumen height and yolk diameter, where carnitine treatments were superior to the comparison in the characteristic of albumen height, while the comparison treatment was significantly superior over the rest of the treatments in the characteristic of yolk diameter and the reason for this may be due to the effect of carnitine in increasing the concentration of estrogen in the blood plasma, because this hormone works to increase the number of tubular glands in the area of Magnum which is responsible for manufacturing the egg white and its secretion These results agreed with [18,19,24],where they noticed the existence of significant differences in these characteristics, as for the height in the yolk, we note that there are no significant differences between the carnitine treatments, where this treatment mathematically superior to the comparison treatment and reached (10.27,10.03) mm, while the height of the yolk in the control treatment was 9. 80 mm.…”

The effect of adding L-carnitine to omega-3 fatty acid diets on productive performance, oxidative stability, cholesterol content, and yolk fatty acid profiles in laying hens

“…Consistent with the results of the present experiment, researchers reported that supplementation of fish oil in the diet significantly reduced the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids ( Garcia-Rebollar et al, 2008 ; Omidi et al, 2015 ). In one study, adding 500 mg/kg L-carnitine to the diet enhanced the beta-oxidation of mitochondrial long-chain fatty acids by facilitating their transmission across the inner mitochondrial membrane ( Corduk et al, 2008 ). Thus, L-carnitine can improve the body's utilization of energy and fatty acids ( Mast et al, 2000 ).…”

Influence of Supplementation of Dietary with Varying Levels of L-carnitine on Laying Performance And Egg Quality Parameters in Different Lines of Kurdish Quails

“…Similar results were found by Rizk et al,(2022) found that adding L-carnitine (300 and 450 mg/kg food) to the broiler diet significantly increased (P≤0.05) egg laying compared to the control diet. However, Corduk and Sarica, (2008); Kazemi-Fard et al, (2015) concluded that dietary intake of 100 and 150 mg/kg L-carnitine increased egg production in laying hens by 7.81 and 10.74%, respectively, because this additive (L-carnitine) improves lipolysis and liver protection. Neuman et al, (2002) found that Lcarnitine supplementation increased mitochondrial energy production and in turn, laying intensity in these birds.…”