Effects of Salt Stress on Growth and Flowering of Ornamental Annual Species

Zapryanova, N.; Atanassova, B.

doi:10.1080/13102818.2009.10818394

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…According to Munns & Tester (), even moderate salinity stress affects reproductive development, such as early flowering or a reduced number of florets. Similar responses have been cited in Zapryanova & Atanassova (), who observed that plants treated with NaCl have earlier and shorter blooming period than non‐treated plants. Katerji et al .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Long‐term effect of salinity on plant quality, water relations, photosynthetic parameters and ion distribution in Callistemon citrinus

Álvarez

Sánchez-Blanco

2013

Plant Biol J

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The effect of saline stress on physiological and morphological parameters in Callistemon citrinus plants was studied to evaluate their adaptability to irrigation with saline water. C. citrinus plants, grown under greenhouse conditions, were subjected to two irrigation treatments lasting 56 weeks: control (0.8 dS·m(-1)) and saline (4 dS·m(-1)). The use of saline water in C. citrinus plants decreased aerial growth, increased the root/shoot ratio and improved the root system (increased root diameter and root density), but flowering and leaf colour were not affected. Salinity caused a decrease in stomatal conductance and evapotranspiration, which may prevent toxic levels being reached in the shoot. Net photosynthesis was reduced in plants subjected to salinity, although this response was evident much later than the decrease in stomatal conductance. Stem water potential was a good indicator of salt stress in C. citrinus. The relative salt tolerance of Callistemon was related to storage of higher levels of Na+ and Cl- in the roots compared with the leaves, especially in the case of Na+, which could have helped to maintain the quality of plants. The results show that saline water (around 4 dS·m(-1)) could be used for growing C. citrinus commercially. However, the cumulative effect of irrigating with saline water for 11 months was a decrease in photosynthesis and intrinsic water use efficiency, meaning that the interaction of the salinity level and the time of exposure to the salt stress should be considered important in this species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Long‐term effect of salinity on plant quality, water relations, photosynthetic parameters and ion distribution in Callistemon citrinus

Álvarez

Sánchez-Blanco

2013

Plant Biol J

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“…According to Munns and Tester (2008), even moderate salinity stress affects reproductive development, such as earlier flowering or a reduced number of florets. In our case, the increased number of inflorescences at the end of the experiment in plants subjected to saline stress alone may have been due to earlier blooming rather than a higher intensity of flowering, as seen in many other ornamental species exposed to saline conditions (Zapryanova and Atanassova, 2009). C. laevis plants can cope with water shortage or saline irrigation with mo great loss of their ornamental value, as has been cited for other species (Henson et al, 2006;Álvarez et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Comparison of individual and combined effects of salinity and deficit irrigation on physiological, nutritional and ornamental aspects of tolerance in Callistemon laevis plants

Álvarez

Sánchez-Blanco

2015

Journal of Plant Physiology

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SummaryThe effect of water deficit, salinity and both applied simultaneously on several physiological and morphological parameters in the ornamental plant Callistemon laevis was studied to identify the tolerance mechanisms developed by this species to these sources of stress and to evaluate their adaptability to such conditions. C. laevis plants were grown in pots outdoors and subjected to four irrigation treatments lasting ten months: control (0.8 dS m -1 , 100% water holding capacity), water deficit (0.8 dS m -1 , 50% of the amount of water supplied in control), saline (4.0 dS m -1 , same amount of water supplied as control) and saline water deficit (4.0 dS m -1 , 50% of the water supplied in the control). Water and saline stress when applied individually led to a reduction of 12 and 39% of total biomass, respectively, while overall plant quality (leaf color and flowering) was unaffected. However, saline water deficit affected leaf color and flowering and induced an excessive decrease of growth (68%) due to leaf tissue dehydration and a high leaf Cl and Na concentration. Biomass partitioning depended no only on the amount of water applied, but also on the electrical conductivity of the water. Water stress induced active osmotic adjustment and decreased leaf tissue elasticity. Although both Na and Cl concentrations in the plant tissues increased with salinity, Cl entry through the roots was more restricted. In plants submitted to salinity individually, Na tended to remain in the roots and stems, and little reached the leaves. However, plants simultaneously submitted to water and saline stress were not able to retain this ion in the woody parts. The decrease in stomatal conductance and photosynthesis was more marked in the plants submitted to both stresses, the effect of which decreased photosynthesis, and this together with membrane damage, could delay plant recovery. The results show that the combination of deficit irrigation and salinity in C. laevis is not recommended since it magnifies the adverse effects of either when applied individually.Keywords: Gas exchange; Ion uptake; Ornamental potted plant; Water relations; Water use efficiency; Elastic modulus.Abbreviations: C, control; C*, chroma; DW, dry weight; EC, electrical conductivity; gs, stomatal conductance; hº, hue angle; J, absorption rate of ions by the root system; L*, lightness; P, significance; Pn, net photosynthesis rate; P-V, pressure-volume; RWCtpl, relative water content at turgor loss point ; S, saline treatment; W, deficit irriation treatment; WUE, water use efficiency of production; W+S, simultaneous saline and water stress treatment.; Ψl, leaf water potential; Ψs, stem water potential; Ψ100s, leaf osmotic potential at full turgor; Ψtpl, leaf water potential at turgor loss point. ε; bulk modulus of elasticity.3

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“…A concentração elevada de íons na água de irrigação e consequentemente sua acumulação no substrato, pode ter ocasionado desbalanço iônico, causando toxidade às plantas e decréscimo no crescimento e na produção de biomassa, por restringir à aquisição de elementos essenciais a nutrição da planta (Zapryanova & Atanassova, 2009). Quando a acumulação de íons, a exemplo do Cl -e Na + se dá nas folhas, inibe a atividade de enzimas envolvidas nos processos fotossintéticos, comprometendo o metabolismo de carboidratos que irão refletir diretamente na produção de biomassa (Larcher, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified