Effects of salmon calcitonin in postmenopausal osteoporosis: A controlled double-blind study

Mazzuoli, G. F.; Passeri, M.; Gennari, Cristiano; Minisola, Salvatore; Antonelli, Roberto; Valtorta, C; Palummeri, E.; Cervellin, G. F.; Gonnelli, S.; Francini, G.

doi:10.1007/bf02555181

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Delayed mineralization, decreased load‐bearing abilities, reductions in BMD and BMC, and altered mineral quality associated with calcitonin treatment are surprising, because almost all prior osteoporosis prevention and treatment studies showed a beneficial effect of calcitonin on bone 8–29 . These studies demonstrated that calcitonin prevents the long‐term BMD decreases in the forearms and lumbar spines of early postmenopausal women and prevents the short‐term rapid bone loss experienced by patients with surgical menopause.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcitonin Alters Bone Quality in Beagle Dogs

Pienkowski

Doers

Monier‐Faugere

et al. 1997

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Because of its antiresorptive properties, calcitonin is widely used to prevent and treat osteoporosis. A stimulatory effect of calcitonin on osteoblasts has also been reported; however, a recent histologic study points to a negative effect of calcitonin on mineralization of cancellous bone. The present experiment was performed to determine whether the observed histological signs of alterations in mineralization are also observed in cortical bone and whether this results in changes in mechanical properties, mineral densities, or mineral properties of canine bone. Sixteen female adult beagle dogs were randomly allocated to receive either human calcitonin at a dose of 0.25 mg/dog (50 IU, n = 8) or vehicle (mannitol, n = 8) every other day for 16 weeks. At the end of the study, the dogs were euthanized. Both tibiae, L1 and L5 vertebrae, and iliac crest bone samples were excised and defleshed. Torsional mechanical properties of tibial diaphyses and compressive strengths of vertebrae were measured. Bone mineral densities (BMD) of tibiae and vertebrae were measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Ultrastructural mineral characteristics of iliac crest bone were determined by gravimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Bone histomorphometry was performed in the cortical envelope of the iliac crest. Tibiae from dogs treated with calcitonin withstood significantly less maximum torque until failure, required less torsional energy to reach the maximum torque, and had less torsional stiffness than the tibiae from dogs treated with vehicle (p < 0.05). Cancellous cores of vertebrae from calcitonin-treated dogs withstood less compressive mechanical loading than did vertebral cores from vehicle-treated animals (p < 0.05). Dogs treated with calcitonin had less BMD of both tibiae and vertebrae than vehicle-treated animals (p < 0.05). Bones from calcitonin-treated dogs had significantly less ash content, which correlated with the lower phosphate-to-amide I (detected by FTIR) and greater carbonate-to-phosphate ratios than did bones from vehicle-treated dogs (p < 0.05). Calcitonin-treated dogs exhibited a decrease in bone formation and mineralization rates and an increase in mineralization lag time. These results point to a negative effect of calcitonin on bone quality. These findings are intriguing and call for further studies addressing whether the observed abnormalities are transient or permanent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C ALCITONIN, a well‐documented agent that inhibits osteoclastic activity, 1–7 is widely used to treat osteoporosis 8–29 . The effects of calcitonin on osteoblast function, however, are less clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcitonin Alters Bone Quality in Beagle Dogs

Pienkowski

Doers

Monier‐Faugere

et al. 1997

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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“…3 The current studies were intended 3 Previous reports that calcitonin (acutely) increased bone formation indices in humans (39,40) led to the hypothesis that calcitonin treatment might be clinically applicable for increasing bone volume in osteoporosis. This hypothesis was supported by subsequent studies indicating calcitonin-dependent increases in 1) total body calcium and iliac crest trabecular bone volume (41), and 2) bone mineral content at the distal radial epiphysis (42) in osteoporotics. The current data indicate that these responses may represent direct effects of calcitonin on skeletal tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

The Anti-Bone-Resorptive Agent Calcitonin Also Actsin Vitroto Directly Increase Bone Formation and Bone Cell Proliferation*

et al. 1988

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The studies summarized in this report were intended to determine whether salmon calcitonin had direct effects on bone formation indices in vitro. The results of these investigations demonstrate acute effects of calcitonin on skeletal tissues derived from embryonic chickens to increase calvarial cell proliferation ([3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA) and bone matrix synthesis ([3H]proline incorporation into collagen, as [3H]hydroxyproline) in intact calvaria and tibiae. The effects of calcitonin on [3H]thymidine incorporation were significant at 1 mU/ml (0.08 nM; P less than 0.05), additive with respect to the action(s) of F (calcitonin increased the maximum effect of F, and F increased the effect of low dose calcitonin; P less than 0.01 for each), associated with an increase in total cell protein (r = 0.82; P less than 0.02), and inversely dependent on osteoblastic differentiation (r = -0.96; P less than 0.005). The effects of calcitonin to increase bone matrix synthesis ([3H]hydroxyproline incorporation, 139% and 155% of untreated control values for tibiae and calvaria, respectively; P less than 0.005 for each) were maximal at approximately 5 mU/ml (0.4 nM) and associated with a proportional increase in alkaline phosphatase activity in the bones (r = 0.71; P less than 0.05 for tibiae). These effects of calcitonin were not dependent on continuous exposure. [3H]Thymidine incorporation was increased in calvarial cells 16 h after a 4-h limited (inductive) exposure to calcitonin (at 3 mU/ml; P less than 0.01). [3H]Proline incorporation in embryonic chicken calvaria was also increased during 3 days of limited exposure (i.e. 4 h/day) to 10 mU/ml calcitonin (P less than 0.02). The proliferative action(s) of calcitonin was not unique to chicken osteoblastline cells. Salmon calcitonin also increased [3H]thymidine incorporation in the transformed murine calvarial cell lines MMB and MC-3T3-E1 and in primary cultures of cells prepared from newborn mouse calvaria (P less than 0.05 for each). Furthermore, these effects were observed at calcitonin doses (3-30 mU/ml) that also decreased murine bone resorption (i.e. 45Ca release from prelabeled neonatal mouse calvaria; P less than 0.01).

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“…There have been few reports regarding longitudinal BMD changes of the axial skeleton with calcitonin treatment [2] . It is clinically important to measure axial BMD where trabecular bone is rich, since bone turnover of the trabecular bone, in response to treatment, is expected to be much faster than that of the cortical bone .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,1995 of life before spinal or femoral fractures occur . Calcitonin has been widely used as a drug for osteoporosis because it suppresses osteoclast activity [1][2][3] . However, the standard dosages of calcitonin are usually very high (100IU per day) in Western countries [4][5][6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of low-dose, intermittent eel calcitonin treatment for osteoporosis

et al. 1995

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The efficacy of low-dose intermittent calcitonin treatment for osteoporosis was evaluated . Twenty subjects (19 women, 1 man, mean age 59 .1 ± 8 .1) who exhibited osteopenia on plain X-ray were treated once a week with either a 10-IU or 20-IU i .m . injection of eel calcitonin (Elcatonin) . Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine as determined by dual photon absorptiometry significantly increased in the 20-IU group at 3 (7 .2%) and 6 (10 .7%) months, while the results were not significant in the 10-IU group (2 .0% and 2.4%, respectively) . Forearm BMD assessed by single photon absorptiometry did not change significantly in either group . The urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio was significantly suppressed in both groups (P < 0 .05) . Serum bone Gla-protein showed a tendency to increase at 6 months in both groups. Spontaneous back pain disappeared by the end of this study in all patients who received 201U per week, although it persisted in some of the patients in the 10-IU group . These results suggest that low-dose, intermittent calcitonin is effective at least after 6 months in the treatment of osteoporosis with a minimum dose of calcitonin at 201U per week .

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Effects of salmon calcitonin in postmenopausal osteoporosis: A controlled double-blind study

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Calcitonin Alters Bone Quality in Beagle Dogs

Calcitonin Alters Bone Quality in Beagle Dogs

The Anti-Bone-Resorptive Agent Calcitonin Also Actsin Vitroto Directly Increase Bone Formation and Bone Cell Proliferation*

Efficacy of low-dose, intermittent eel calcitonin treatment for osteoporosis

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