Effects of salinity stress on seedling biomass, physiochemical properties, and grain yield in different breeding wheat genotypes

Abstract

The salinity tolerance of 17 breeding wheat genotypes along with three local varieties was evaluated under control and salinity stress (160 mM NaCl) conditions. At the seedling stage, shoot and root dry weights, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), relative chlorophyll content (SPAD index), root and shoot Na + (RN and SN), root and shoot K + (RK and SK), root and shoot K + /Na + ratios (RKN and SKN), root-to-shoot Na + translocation (RTSN), root-to-shoot K + translocation (RTSK), stomatal conductance (G S ), transpiration rate (T E ), and photosynthesis rate (P N ) were measured. Moreover, the investigated genotypes were assessed in terms of grain yield across four saline regions during the 2018-2019 cropping seasons. Salinity stress caused a signi cant reduction in the RDW, SDW, PN, G S , T E , SK, RKN, SKN, RTSN, and RTSK, but resulted in increased RN, RK, and SN. The results of AMMI analysis of variance also indicated signi cant differences among test locations, genotypes, and their interaction effects. The PCA-based biplot revealed that grain yield strongly correlated with RKN and RK. Furthermore, the correlation among P N , G S , and T E traits was strong and positive and had a positive correlation with RWC, MSI, RDW, and SPAD index. Considering our results, RK and RKN were identi ed as useful physiological tools to screen salt tolerance at the early-growth stage. According to the ranking patterns obtained by the average sum of ranks method (ASR) and grain yield, we observed that genotype number G5 had considerable physiological potential at the early-growth stage and also responded well to soil salinity at the farm; thus this genotype can be promoted for commercial production.

Conferring of drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes using seedling indices

“…The PCA was based on the different principal components and each principal component has its eigenvalue which makes a percentage contribution to it (Table 3). The principal component that showed eigenvalues higher than 1 are considered significant while others are nonsignificant (Ahmed et al, 2019;Pour-Aboughadareh et al, 2021). The PCA results in this study was also similar to the findings reported by wheat scientists (Pour-Aboughadareh et al, 2019).…”

Potential of Wild Relatives of Wheat: Ideal Genetic Resources for Future Breeding Programs

“…Salinity stress is another environmental challenge that dramatically limits wheat production worldwide [121]. It has been reported that more than 800 million hectares of the world's total land are affected by salinity [122].…”

Physiological and Molecular Responses of Barley Genotypes to Salinity Stress

“…The root and shoot Na + and K + concentrations were detected as proposed by Pour-Aboughadareh et al [ 6 ]. Briefly, 10 mg of each sample was digested with 10 mL nitric acid (0.5 N) and maintained at 85 °C for 2 h in a boiling water bath.…”

“…Anecdotal evidence reveals that salt stress gently becomes a main limiting factor for plant growth and development, as well as an increase in a considerable loss of the productivity of crops. It is estimated that more than 800 million hectares of the world’s cultivated lands are affected by salinity [ 6 , 7 ]. However, despite escalating calls for more food in recent years, climate changes have caused increasing soil salinization in the wide areas around the world [ 8 ].…”