Effects of sake lees made from steamed rice on digestion, ruminal fermentation, nitrogen balance and blood metabolites in wethers fed high concentrate diets

Abstract

In vitro fermentation experiment and in vivo metabolic experiment were conducted to investigate the effects of sake lees made from steamed rice on digestion, ruminal fermentation, nitrogen balance and blood metabolites in wethers fed high concentrate diets. Rolled barley was replaced with soybean meal (SBM), dried sake lees (SLd) and wet sake lees (SLw) as substrates in in vitro study. The SLw treatment had lowest in vitro DM digestibility and acetate concentration (P ＜ 0.01), followed by the SLd and SBM treatments. While, the propionate concentration in the SLw treatment was highest (P ＜ 0.01), followed by the SLd and SBM treatments. The SLd treatment was lowest in in vitro CP digestibility (P ＜ 0.01), followed by the SLw and SBM treatments. Four wethers were used in a 4×4 Latin square design experiment and fed concentrate and roughage at the ratio of 7 : 3 in in vivo study. Soybean meal accounted for 10% of the concentrate diet was replaced with wet sake lees at 0 (C, Control), 34 (L, Low), 69 (M, Middle), 100 (H, High)%. Each concentrate diet had the equal contents of CP and TDN. Ruminal protozoa counts were lower in wethers of M and H treatments than those of C and L treatments (P ＜ 0.05) after feeding. No significant effects of treatment on DM intake, apparent digestibility, nitrogen balance, ruminal pH and VFA concentration. This study suggested that sake lees made by steamed rice can be replaced with soybean meal as concentrate diets.

Research progress in the resource reuse of distiller's grains

“…Using distiller's grains as a protein source can reduce nitrogen excretion and reduce the environmental impact of milk production [42,43] . S. Katsumata et al added liquefied distiller's grains to the feed of Japanese black calves and found that feeding 100 g/d of liquefied distiller's grains can promote rumen development and increase blood levels in Japanese black calves β-The concentration of hydroxybutyric acid [44] . Obeida et al used corn distiller's grains as a substitute for part of the diet to feed lambs, and the results showed that adding distiller's grains had no significant impact on the health of lambs, but could increase the intake of dry matter and protein [45] .…”

Effect of ensiled total mixed rations containing sake lees on digestion, nitrogen use, and plasma metabolite concentrations in sheep

“…Pressed sake lees, a byproduct of Japanese rice wine “sake,” has the potential to be used as protein ingredients of total mixed ration (TMR) for ruminants (Katsumata et al, 2018). There are several types of sake lees, owing to the various processing methods for sake production.…”