Effects of Saffron Aqueous Extract and Its Main Constituent, Crocin, on Health-Related Quality of Life, Depression, and Sexual Desire in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial

Abedimanesh, Nasim; Ostadrahimi, Alireza; Bathaie, S. Zahra; Abedimanesh, Saeed; Motlagh, Behrooz; Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asghari; Taban-Sadeghi, Mohammadreza

doi:10.5812/ircmj.13676

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Consequently, we considered these two papers as one RCT. Therefore, a total of 11 placebocontrolled, randomized trials with 531 patients were included in the qualitative analysis [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Altogether, ten articles reporting on nine trials were included in our final quantitative analysis [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][29][30][31]. Akhondzadeh et al [32] provided the baseline HAM-D scores numerically, but the outcomes were shown only graphically in a figure, therefore, we could not include the results of this trial in the quantitative analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each SaffroMood capsule contained 15 mg 80 % ethanolic dry extract of the stigma of C. sativus, and it was standardized to crocin (1.65-1.75 mg/capsule). Abedimanesh et al [24] used the aqueous extract of saffron stigma, and in two RCTs, an 80 % ethanol extract of saffron stigma was encapsulated [21,22,32]. In the RCT reported by Noorbala et al [22] and Akhondzadeh et al [21], each capsule contained a saffron extract with 0.30-0.35 mg safranal content.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of the studies lasted 6 weeks, while 2 studies examined the effects of saffron after 8 weeks of administration [24,25,30], and one study was 12 weeks long [28] (▶ Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In eight studies [21-22, 23, 26, 27, 29-30, 31, 32], the HAM-D was used [35]. In one RCT [28], the revised BDI-IA [36] was applied, and in two studies [24,25] the BDI-second edition [37] was used. The original BDI includes 21 items concerning different symptom domains, with four possible answers describing the symptoms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Efficacy of Saffron in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Depression: A Meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Herbal products, especially extracts, have been widely used as first-line treatments for mild to moderate depression. Recently, several randomized, controlled clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of another plant, saffron (), in mild to moderate depression. We have carried out a literature review of currently available published randomized, controlled clinical trials to give an up-to-date evaluation of the efficacy of saffron in mild to moderate depression, compared to placebo or routinely used antidepressants. The meta-analysis is reported according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using the PICO (patients, intervention, comparison, outcome) format and was conducted using the statistical programs Comprehensive Meta-analysis and RevMan. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant studies. Only placebo or active controlled, randomized clinical studies involving patients suffering from mild to moderate depression and using pharmacological doses of saffron were included. Hedges' g was used to calculate effect sizes. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool, and heterogeneity was tested by both performing the Cochran's test and calculating Higgins' indicator. Eleven randomized trials were included in the qualitative analysis, and nine were pooled for statistical analysis. According to the present meta-analysis, saffron has a significant effect on the severity of depression. Available data from randomized, controlled clinical trials support that saffron is significantly more effective than placebo (g = 0.891; 95% CI: 0.369 - 1.412, p = 0.001), and non-inferior to tested antidepressant drugs (g = - 0.246; 95% CI: - 0.495 - 0.004, p = 0.053).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of the studies lasted 6 weeks, while 2 studies examined the effects of saffron after 8 weeks of administration [24,25,30], and one study was 12 weeks long [28] (▶ Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Efficacy of Saffron in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Depression: A Meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease

Tully

Ang

Lee

et al. 2021

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Effects of crocin and saffron aqueous extract on gene expression of SIRT1, AMPK, LOX1, NF‐κB, and MCP‐1 in patients with coronary artery disease: A randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial

Abedimanesh

Motlagh

Abedimanesh

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

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This trial evaluated the potential impacts of saffron aqueous extract (SAE) and its main carotenoid on some of the atherosclerosis-related gene expression and serum levels of oxidized low-density cholesterol (ox-LDL) and Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Participants of this randomized controlled trial included 84 CAD patients who categorized into three groups: Group 1 received crocin (30 mg/day), Group 2 SAE (30 mg/day), and Group 3 placebo for 8 weeks. Gene expression of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX1), nuclear factor kappalight-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and MCP-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells assessed by real-time PCR. Furthermore, serum ox-LDL and MCP-1 levels measured at the beginning and end of the intervention. Compared with the placebo group, gene expression of SIRT1 and AMPK increased significantly in the crocin group(p = .001), and the expression of LOX1 and NF-κB decreased significantly (p = .016 and .004, respectively). Serum ox-LDL levels decreased significantly in the crocin group after the intervention (p = .002) while MCP-1 levels decreased both in crocin and SAE groups (p = .001). Crocin may have beneficial effects on CAD patients by increasing the gene expression of SIRT1 and AMPK and decreasing the expression of LOX1 and NF-κB. K E Y W O R D SAMPK, coronary artery disease, crocin, LOX1, NF-κB, SIRT1

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Effects of Saffron Aqueous Extract and Its Main Constituent, Crocin, on Health-Related Quality of Life, Depression, and Sexual Desire in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

The Efficacy of Saffron in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Depression: A Meta-analysis

The Efficacy of Saffron in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Depression: A Meta-analysis

Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease

Effects of crocin and saffron aqueous extract on gene expression of SIRT1, AMPK, LOX1, NF‐κB, and MCP‐1 in patients with coronary artery disease: A randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial

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