Effects of S-allyl cysteine on lung and liver tissue in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis

Abstract

Sepsis is characterized by a severe production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other radical species with consequent oxidative stress. S-allyl cysteine (SAC) is a water-soluble organosulfur component present in garlic which is a potent antioxidant and free radical scavenger. In the present study, the purpose was to explore the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic actions of SAC on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were separated into 4 groups. These were control, SAC control, sepsis, and sepsis + SAC-induced groups. Sepsis was induced by administration of LPS (5 mg/kg) into 2 groups. SAC (50 mg/kg) was given orally to SAC control and SAC treatment groups per 12 h during 2 days after intraperitoneal LPS injection. Serum AST, ALT, ALP, and hsCRP levels and liver and lung MPO, NO, and DNA fragmentation levels were evaluated. In sepsis group, elevated levels of ALT, AST, ALP, and hsCRP were observed. The abnormal increases were decreased in sepsis + SAC group compared to sepsis group. In lung tissue, MPO and NO levels were increased in sepsis group compared to the control group. MPO activity and NO levels were decreased by SAC application in sepsis + SAC group compared with sepsis group. In liver tissue, DNA fragmentation was significantly higher in sepsis group than that in the control group. In contrast, a decreased level of DNA fragmentation was noted in sepsis + SAC group when compared with the sepsis group. In conclusion, SAC ameliorates LPS-induced indicators of liver damage and suppresses the discharge of NO and MPO in lung tissue via its antioxidant properties.

Maresin 1 Mitigates Inflammatory Response and Protects Mice from Sepsis

“…Lung, liver, and kidney are important organs which are susceptible to be attacked during sepsis [22]. Their poor function and state are frequently related to poor prognosis.…”

Dexmedetomidine protects against acute kidney injury through downregulating inflammatory reactions in endotoxemia rats

“…Rats were fasted for 12 hours, but not forbidden to drink. The rat sepsis models were generated through LPS injection (5 mg/kg; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) in the tail vein (14). Rats were pretreated with DEX (10 µg/kg; Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China) 10 min before LPS injection (15).…”

S‐allyl cysteine, an active ingredient of garlic, attenuates acute liver dysfunction induced by lipopolysaccharide/d‐galactosamine in mouse: Underlying mechanisms

“…SAC is a promising medicinal compound showing multiple beneficial effects in various models of human disorders. [20] SAC has shown a wide spectrum of beneficial properties including antiapoptotic, [21] acting as an antioxidant to counteract oxidative stress, [22,23] redox modulation, [24] and also exerting antiinflammatory effects. [25,26] Of related significance to our study, SAC could attenuate H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative damage and apoptotic changes through accentuating antioxidants signaling cascade in HepG2 cells, [27] is able to lower carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis that is partly mediated through its inhibition of inflammation and oxidative damage, [28] and could protect against fat-mediated liver dysfunction in adults.…”

“…[29] Furthermore, SAC can have protective effect on chromiuminduced model of hepatotoxicity [22] and is able to ameliorate LPSinduced liver damage and to suppress release of nitric oxide (NO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in lung tissue due to its antioxidant capacity. [21] Accordingly, we conducted this study to evaluate whether SAC could protect against LPS/D-Gal-induced ALI.…”