Effects of ruminal and post-ruminal protein supplementation in cattle fed tropical forages on insoluble fiber degradation, activity of fibrolytic enzymes, and the ruminal microbial community profile

Reis, William Lima Santiago dos; Detmann, Edênio; Batista, Erick Darlisson; Rufino, L. M. A.; Gomes, Daiany Íris; Bento, Cláudia Braga Pereira; Mantovani, Hilário Cuquetto; Filho, Sebastião de Campos Valadares

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.001

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…An association not well defined, may have been established between the inoculant enzymes with the ruminal microbiota, promoting this difference in the rate of passage with the other treatments. Similar hypothesis has already been judged with forages (Reis et al, 2016).…”

Section: Silagesupporting

confidence: 84%

Ruminal degradability of high moisture triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmack) silage with chemical and biological additives

Bumbieris

Rossi

Horst

et al. 2020

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein of high moisture triticale silage ensiled with different chemical and biological additives. Urea, sodium benzoate and an enzyme-bacterial inoculant were used as treatments. Four samples from each treatment were incubated in rumen on four sheep. Effective degradability was estimated for ruminal passage rate of 2%, 5% and 8% hour-1. Bayesian procedures were used to estimate potential degradation parameters in situ. The high moisture triticale silage with urea showed highest value for the soluble fraction (70.46%) and the best effective dry matter degradability, with a passing rate of 2% h-1 (90.63%), of control silage at other rates of passage. In relation to control silage, the addition of sodium benzoate and enzyme-bacterial inoculant decreased the effective degradability of dry matter, regardless of rate passage evaluated. Due to high solubility of urea, the silage added with this additive had the highest soluble fraction of crude protein (76.42%). The addition of enzyme-bacterial inoculant accelerated the ruminal passage rate of dry matter and protein to 0.26 and 0.20% h-1, respectively, providing less potential degradability of both in relation to other silages. As enzyme-bacterial inoculation reduces rumen degradability of crude protein, it tends to increase the availability of amino acids for intestinal absorption. The addition of urea to high moisture triticale silage may be recommended for sheep feeding at a low level of consumption, as it improves the effective dry matter degradability.

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Section: Silagesupporting

confidence: 84%

Ruminal degradability of high moisture triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmack) silage with chemical and biological additives

Bumbieris

Rossi

Horst

et al. 2020

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

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“…The NFC intake decreased linearly with the increasing replacement of corn with soybean meal, consequently reducing the NFC content in high-CP treatments ( Table 1). The CP:DOM ratio at 210 to 216 is related to the maximum feed intake (Reis et al, 2016). Although the results of Dong et al (2017) and our results did not indicate changes in the energy intake between different CP:DOM ratios, an adequate protein:energy ratio should not be ignored because it may also affect nitrogen use (Reis et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Effects of dietary protein level on intake, digestibility, and energy expenditure in dairy heifers

Araújo¹,

Valente²,

Filipini³

et al. 2020

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

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Balancing diets for protein affects both protein and energy use efficiency in cattle. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary protein level on intake, digestibility and energy expenditure in Holstein heifers. Four Holstein heifers with a mean BW of 266.5 ± 10.7 kg were distributed in a 4 x 4 balanced Latin square design. Each period was comprised of 14 d for adaptation and 6 d for samplings. The heifers were fed diets with 9, 12, 15 and 18% of crude protein (CP). Total feces and urine were collected. Rumen fluid was collected at 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after feeding. The energy expenditure was evaluated at 6 a.m., 12 a.m., 6 p.m. and 12 p.m. by a closed-circuit mask technique. The intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were similar between treatments (P > 0.05). Although the NDF digestibility was not changed (P > 0.05), the digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, non-fibrous carbohydrates, and total digestible nutrients increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing CP levels in the diet. Urinary urea nitrogen excretion and nitrogen retained increased linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing CP levels. Dietary CP levels did not affect (P =0.53) energy expenditure in heifers. Ruminal ammonia-nitrogen concentration peaked at 2-4 h after feeding. Increasing dietary CP levels from 9 to 18% does not affect feed intake and energy expenditure in heifers. However, it improves the digestibility of OM and nitrogen retention.

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“…The protein:energy ratio in the total diet seems a more valuable indicator of the supplementation influence on forage intake, as it integrates the supplemental effects on both rumen and metabolism (3,49) . Voluntary intake of tropical forages would be maximised when the CP:DOM of the diet is raised to about 210 g/kg by supplementation (50) . In this experiment, the CP:DOM in the basal forage was 72 g/kg and was increased, on average, up to 164 g/kg by supplementation, being very lower than the ratio expected to optimise forage intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urea supplementation in rumen and post-rumen for cattle fed a low-quality tropical forage

et al. 2020

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We evaluated the differences between the supplementation of urea in rumen and/or abomasum on forage digestion, nitrogen (N) metabolism, and urea kinetics in cattle fed a low-quality tropical forage. Five Nellore heifers were fitted with rumen and abomasum fistulas and assigned to a Latin square design. The treatments were: control, continuous infusion of urea in the abomasum (AC), continuous infusion of urea in the rumen, a pulse dose of urea in the rumen every 12 hours (PR), and a combination of PR and AC. The control exhibited the lowest (P<0.10) fecal and urinary N losses, which were, overall, increased by supplementation. The highest urinary N losses (P<0.10) was observed when urea was either totally or partially supplied as a ruminal pulse dose. The rumen N balance was negative for the control and when urea was totally supplied in the abomasum. The greatest microbial N production (P<0.10) was obtained when urea was partially or totally supplied in the abomasum. Urea supplementation increased (P<0.10) the amount of urea recycled to the gastrointestinal tract and the amount of urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. The greatest (P<0.10) amounts of urea-N used for anabolism was observed when urea was totally and continuously infused in the abomasum. The continuous abomasal infusion also resulted in the highest (P<0.10) assimilation of microbial N from recycling. The continuous releasing of urea throughout day either in the rumen or abomasum is able to improve N accretion in the animal body, despite of mechanism responsible for that being different.

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Effects of ruminal and post-ruminal protein supplementation in cattle fed tropical forages on insoluble fiber degradation, activity of fibrolytic enzymes, and the ruminal microbial community profile

Cited by 27 publications

References 44 publications

Ruminal degradability of high moisture triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmack) silage with chemical and biological additives

Ruminal degradability of high moisture triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmack) silage with chemical and biological additives

Effects of dietary protein level on intake, digestibility, and energy expenditure in dairy heifers

Urea supplementation in rumen and post-rumen for cattle fed a low-quality tropical forage

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