At present, the invasive round and bighead gobies are the most abundant benthic fish species in the near shore zone of the Middle Danube. We compared their diet seasonally in natural and artificial habitats and contrasted it with the food supply. The composition of the macroinvertebrate community was determined mainly by seasonal changes, whereas habitat type had smaller effect. Round gobies followed these changes flexibly. They consumed mainly chironomids in the spring, whilst amphipods and molluscs in the summer and autumn. Bighead gobies relied on amphipods in each season and in both habitats, and consumed fish, too, including round goby (intraguild predation). Diet overlap was determined by the morphological differences of the species allowing a varying degree of differentiation according to the seasonally changing food supply.
IntroductionOne of the most spectacular changes in the fauna of Central and Eastern European large river systems in the last decades has been the ongoing spread and proliferation of PontoCaspian fauna elements, primarily macroinvertebrates (crustaceans, molluscs) and gobiid fishes (BIJ DE VAATE et al., 2002;COPP et al., 2005). These aquatic invaders have been reported to cause serious changes in the structure and functioning of their newly invaded habitat including the displacement of their native counterparts or the reconstruction of the food web (RICCIARDI, 2001;MINCHIN et al., 2002;VAN RIEL et al., 2006). Round goby (Apollonia melanostoma (PALLAS, 1814), formerly Neogobius melanostomus) for example, the most successful invasive goby species caused substantial changes in the composition and abundance of benthic macroinvertebrates (BARTON et al., 2005), declines of native fish species (FRENCH and JUDE, 2001;CORKUM et al., 2004) and increased energy transfer to predators in the well studied Laurentian Great Lakes. Gobiid fishes * Corresponding author 610 P. BORZA et al.