Effects of Road Crossings on Stream and Streamside Salamanders

Ward, Rocky; Anderson, James T.; Petty, J. Todd

doi:10.2193/2006-420

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Microhabitat features such as soil moisture and cover object area tend to decrease in the proximity of roads [52]. In addition, roads can reduce edge permeability due to factors such as behavioral aversion and increased mortality from road crossing [147,153]. Gibbs [147] found that roads appeared to be a significant anthropogenic landscape component restricting salamander movement.…”

Section: Roadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gibbs [147] found that roads appeared to be a significant anthropogenic landscape component restricting salamander movement. Multiple studies have found that roads negatively affect salamander abundance [52,147,152,153]. For instance, red-backed salamanders are significantly less abundant near gravel road edges, perhaps due to corresponding lower soil moisture [52].…”

Section: Roadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the abundance of riparian forest-dependent salamanders, such as plethodontids, is much reduced along both active and abandoned logging roads [152]. Roads can also restrict salamander movement due to impassable culverts and result in decreased abundance and richness in streams [153,154].…”

Section: Roadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental and Anthropogenic Factors Influencing Salamanders in Riparian Forests: A Review

Clipp

Anderson

2014

Forests

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Salamanders and riparian forests are intimately interconnected. Salamanders are integral to ecosystem functions, contributing to vertebrate biomass and complex food webs in riparian forests. In turn, these forests are critical ecosystems that perform many environmental services, facilitate high biodiversity and species richness, and provide habitat to salamander populations. Due to the global decline of amphibians, it is important to understand, as thoroughly and holistically as possible, the roles of environmental parameters and the impact of human activities on salamander abundance and diversity in riparian forests. To determine the population responses of salamanders to a variety of environmental factors and anthropogenic activities, we conducted a review of published literature that compared salamander abundance and diversity, and then summarized and synthesized the data into general patterns. We identify stream quality, leaf litter and woody debris, riparian buffer width, and soil characteristics as major environmental factors influencing salamander populations in riparian forests, describe and explain salamander responses to those factors, and discuss the effects of anthropogenic activities such as timber harvest, prescribed fires, urbanization, road construction, and habitat fragmentation. This review can assist land and natural resource managers in anticipating the consequences of human activities and preparing strategic conservation plans. OPEN ACCESSForests 2014, 5 2680

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Section: Roadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Roadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental and Anthropogenic Factors Influencing Salamanders in Riparian Forests: A Review

Clipp

Anderson

2014

Forests

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“…Salamanders have received little consideration for passage through culverts [2], [3]. Most studies focus on the passage of fish, including the development of computer software to analyze culvert passage issues [2], [4], [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Culvert hang and slope as described above is also a major factor contributing to passage issues. Newly constructed roads that cross streams need to be built in a manner to not restrict any form of aquatic life movement, not just fish [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culvert Effects on Stream and Stream-Side Salamander Habitats

Anderson¹,

Ward²,

Petty³

et al. 2014

IJESD

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Abstract-Road and stream intersections require a crossing that allows safe passage of water and vehicles. Culverts are normally used when roads cross small streams. Recently, passage of aquatic organisms through culverts has received increased attention. We used a geographic information system (GIS) analysis to determine the degree of salamander habitat fragmentation in Tucker and Randolph counties in West Virginia, USA. We visited state roads with culverts and categorized salamander barriers as complete, partial, or nonbarrier, based on outlet hang, culvert slope, and substrate. Complete barriers occurred at 55.0% of the sites visited and partial barriers at 34.2%. We found that 20.6% of the total stream length in the Dry Fork watershed and 18.4% in the Shavers Fork watershed were isolated by at least a partial barrier. Outlet hang height and the presence (or absence) of streambed substrate were the main determinants of stream salamander passage. Outlet hang was positively correlated with stream gradient and culvert slope. Culverts containing streambed substrate occurred on lower gradient streams, had lower culvert slope, and had a greater width compared to culverts lacking substrate. Solutions to facilitate movement of salamanders and other aquatic organisms are needed to maintain stream connectivity and provide mitigation opportunities.

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Ecohydrological disturbances associated with roads: Current knowledge, research needs, and management concerns with reference to the tropics

et al. 2017

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Roads are a pervasive form of disturbance with potential to negatively affect ecohydrological processes. Some of the most rapid growth in road networks is occurring in developing countries, particularly in the tropics, where political agendas are often focused on strengthening the economy, improving infrastructure, bolstering national security, achieving self‐sufficiency, and increasing citizen well‐being, often at the expense of the environment. We review what is known about road impacts on ecohydrological processes, focusing on aquatic systems, both temperate and tropical. We present seven cases that represent the broader trends of road development and impacts in tropical settings. Many of these process dynamics and impacts are not different from those experienced in temperate settings, although the magnitude of impacts in the tropics may be amplified with intense rainfall and lack of best management practices applied to road construction/maintenance. Impacts of roads in tropical settings may also be unique because of particular organisms or ecosystems affected. We outline a set of best practices to improve road network management and provide recommendations for adopting an agenda of research and road management in tropical settings. Importantly, we call for incorporation of transdisciplinary approaches to further study the effects of roads on ecohydrological processes in the tropics. Specific emphasis should also be placed on collaboration with governments and developers that are championing road development to help identify the drivers of road expansion and thresholds of negative impact, as well as methods of sustainable road construction and maintenance.

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Effects of Road Crossings on Stream and Streamside Salamanders

Cited by 32 publications

References 50 publications

Environmental and Anthropogenic Factors Influencing Salamanders in Riparian Forests: A Review

Environmental and Anthropogenic Factors Influencing Salamanders in Riparian Forests: A Review

Culvert Effects on Stream and Stream-Side Salamander Habitats

Ecohydrological disturbances associated with roads: Current knowledge, research needs, and management concerns with reference to the tropics

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