Effects of rice straw incorporation on active soil organic carbon pools in a subtropical paddy field

Wang, W.; Lai, Derrick Y.F.; Wang, C.; Pan, Ting; Zeng, Chen

doi:10.1016/j.still.2015.03.011

Cited by 202 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This increase is probably partly caused by high sodium loads at the exchange complex leading to soil dispersion and C release from destroyed aggregates. This is in line with findings from Wang et al (2015), who investigated rice straw decomposition in paddy systems, and with one of our earlier studies (Iqbal et al, 2016), where DOC values increased with increasing salinity, especially after rice straw addition. Water extractable C was proposed as an indicator of management effects on SOC by Benbi et al (2015), where long term manure application resulted in increased labile C and stable C and therefore may contribute to long-term C stability in paddy soils.…”

Section: Effects Of Salinity and Organic Amendments On C And N Processessupporting

confidence: 93%

Organic Amendments Alleviate Salinity Effects on Soil Microorganisms and Mineralisation Processes in Aerobic and Anaerobic Paddy Rice Soils

Wichern

Islam

Hemkemeyer

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Sea-water level rise leads to increased saltwater intrusion causing soil salinity on arable land with negative effects on soil microbial processes. Organic amendments are known to reduce the effects of salinity on soil microorganisms, therefore positively influencing microbial activity and nutrient cycling. However, the extent of this effect in paddy rice soils under aerobic compared to anaerobic conditions is unknown. Consequently, benefits of organic matter addition on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) mineralisation under saline conditions were evaluated in a short-term laboratory incubation experiment. Two soils from Bangladesh were incubated with rice straw, manure or a manure-rice straw mixture at 50 and 100% water holding capacity (25 • C, 27 days). In addition, NaCl was added to half of the samples, which resulted in a set of non-saline (EC e = 1.1-1.3 dS m −1 ) and saline (EC e = 24.0-32.4 dS m −1 ) soils. Soil respiration (CO 2 -release) was measured throughout the experiment. At the end of the experiment, dissolved organic C, inorganic N, microbial biomass as well as bacterial, archaeal, and fungal domains were determined. Overall, effects of substrate addition overruled effects caused by salinity and water content. Microbial activity and biomass in particular fungi increased most strongly after rice straw addition and resulted in N immobilisation independent of moisture level. Rice straw and manure alleviated the effects of salinity on microorganisms; these were therefore mainly detectable in the non-amended soils. The reason for this is likely a higher C availability for soil microorganisms after amendment of organic materials, which allows them to produce osmolytes, counteracting the osmotic effects of increased salinity. However, the microbial communities of the two soils under investigation showed different response patterns to salinity reflected by a substantially higher fungi-bacteria ratio in soil B prone to salinity at 50% WHC as compared to soil A. Likewise, the metabolic quotient Wichern et al. Salinity Alleviation and Soil Microorganismswas higher in soil B and not affected by any of the short term treatments, revealing a soil legacy. Our results highlight the importance of organic amendments, such as rice straw to paddy soils under saline conditions to reduce negative effects on soil microbial processes, allowing them to maintain their major functions.

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Section: Effects Of Salinity and Organic Amendments On C And N Processessupporting

confidence: 93%

Organic Amendments Alleviate Salinity Effects on Soil Microorganisms and Mineralisation Processes in Aerobic and Anaerobic Paddy Rice Soils

Wichern

Islam

Hemkemeyer

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…Active C refers to the fraction of soil C that is strongly influenced by plants and microorganisms and is highly susceptible to oxidation and decomposition [24,25]. Different separation and extraction methods can separate active SOC into fractions of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), labile organic carbon (LOC), light-fraction organic carbon (LFOC) and microbial biomass organic carbon (MBC) [26]. These different forms of active SOC have different sensitivities to environmental change [27] but few studies have examined the relationships between the different forms of active SOC and changes in environmental parameters [28,29], especially soil properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species-Specific Impacts of Invasive Plant Success on Vertical Profiles of Soil Carbon Accumulation and Nutrient Retention in the Minjiang River Tidal Estuarine Wetlands of China

et al. 2018

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The increasing presence of successful invasive plant species can have an impact on wetlands capacity to store and release C. We have investigated the relationships between stocks of different soil organic carbon (SOC) along the soil vertical profile and invasive plant success in a China wetland. In stands dominated by the exotic invasive species Spartina alterniflora and the native invasive Phragmites australis soil organic-carbon concentrations (SOC) were higher (12% and 9%, respectively) than in plots of a native species, Cyperus malaccensis, whereas SOC content (g m −2 ) was 18% and 17% lower under P. australis than under S. alterniffolia and C. malaccensis, respectively. Soils under both invasive species had the concentrations and contents of light-fraction organic carbon (LFOC), light-fraction organic nitrogen (LFON) at 30-60 cm of soil depth and labile organic carbon (LOC) concentrations at 0-10 cm higher than soils under native species. The invasive species had higher total aboveground, total biomasses and lower shoot:root ratios than the native species. The success of both invasive species was associated with higher growth rates and accumulation of nutrients in biomass than in the native species and also accumulation of C in plant soil system. The stands currently dominated by the invasive species were recently occupied by monospecific stands of the native C. malaccensis, strongly suggesting that all or most of the current soil differences were due to the invasions. Higher sand fraction in C. malaccensis community and higher clay fraction in P. australis community relative to the native species, were correlated with higher soil N and P concentrations in invaded stands. The results suggest that different vegetation cover with distinct shoot/root ratio can change soil structure by favoring sedimentation of different particle size classes. Thus, despite both invasive species have some common traits, the results also showed that different invasive species with partially distinct impacts on soil and nutrient uses can succeed under the same conditions. The traits conferring invasive success are thus not necessarily species-specific. A clear change in the general accumulation of C, N and P in the plant-soil system was related to the invasive plant success in this wetland areas.

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“…In addition, addition of straw increased the maximum CO 2 and CH 4 emission flux by 6.3% and 32.9%, respectively, compared to the emission flux where no straw was added. These were possibly caused by the decomposition of the carbon-containing compounds in the straw, which provided available carbon substrates Wang et al, 2015), Straw decomposition also enhances a reduction environment (Bayer et al, 2014) and could result in a drastic decrease in the Eh (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recycling crop straw is thus considered an efficient method for sustaining soil fertility and improving crop productivity (Singh et al, 2008;Sommer et al, 2011). Numerous studies have demonstrated the significant effects of returning straw in rice-wheat cropping systems on greenhouse gases fluxes (Yao et al, 2010;Shan et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2015), soil nutrients recycling (Lal, 2004), erosion control (Peng et al, 2016), organic matter fractions (Zhao et al, 2016a), soil organic carbon and crop yields (Hang et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2015). However, comparative researches about the short-term effects of rapeseed straw returning on the rice-rapeseed cropping systems have been rarely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Effects of Straw Application on Carbon Recycle in a Rice-Rapeseed Rotation System

Zhu

Jin

Yan

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Efficient and fast methods for disposing rapeseed straw are badly needed in the rice-rapeseed rotation system, where rice is planted immediately after the rapeseed harvest. In this research, the effects of rapeseed straw returning (6 g kg -1 ) on rice cultivation soil organic carbon accumulation, CH 4 and CO 2 emissions, and total organic carbon (TOC) contents of the aqueous layer in the flooded condition within the 60 days of incubation experiment were studied. The experimental results showed that the straw addition increased the peak of CH 4 and CO 2 emission flux by 32.9% and 6.3%, respectively, compared to that of without straw. The CO 2 emissions were mainly concentrated during the first 1-10 days, while CH 4 emissions were concentrated during the latter 30-60 days. The organic carbon contents in soil of straw addition varied from 21.5 to 23.1 g kg -1 compared with that in the range of 20.7-22.3 g kg -1 without straw. With straw addition, the TOC contents in aqueous layer were increased continuously from 55.1 to 68.1 mg L -1 during the late periods (30-60 days). The experimental results of this study indicated that an increase of external carbon addition by using rapeseed straw in the soil will have a better cultivation environment for rice crops and very possibly result in a higher amount of harvest. Therefore, the straw addition in the soil will be more environmental friendly and have economic benefit in the rice-rapeseed rotation system.

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Effects of rice straw incorporation on active soil organic carbon pools in a subtropical paddy field

Cited by 202 publications

References 46 publications

Organic Amendments Alleviate Salinity Effects on Soil Microorganisms and Mineralisation Processes in Aerobic and Anaerobic Paddy Rice Soils

Organic Amendments Alleviate Salinity Effects on Soil Microorganisms and Mineralisation Processes in Aerobic and Anaerobic Paddy Rice Soils

Species-Specific Impacts of Invasive Plant Success on Vertical Profiles of Soil Carbon Accumulation and Nutrient Retention in the Minjiang River Tidal Estuarine Wetlands of China

Short-Term Effects of Straw Application on Carbon Recycle in a Rice-Rapeseed Rotation System

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