Effects of Rhodamine Water Tracer on Escherichia coli densities

Jensen, Mads Christian; Kristensen, K

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(89)90051-1

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…[1986], Ruark and Bockheim [1988], Tai and Rathbun [1988], Zellweger et al . [1988], Jensen and Krongaard‐Kristensen [1989], Viriot and André [1989], Sabatini and Austin [1991], Turner et al . [1991], Shiau et al .…”

Section: Use Of Dyes As Hydrological Tracersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dyes as tracers for vadose zone hydrology

Flury

Wai

2003

Reviews of Geophysics

242

166

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[1] Dyes are important tracers to investigate subsurface water movement. For more than a century, dye tracers have provided clues about the hydrological cycle as well as flow and transport processes in the subsurface. Groundwater contamination often originates in the vadose zone. Agrochemicals applied to the soil surface, toxic compounds accidentally spilled by human activities, and contaminants released from waste repositories leach through the vadose zone and can ultimately pollute groundwater resources. Dyes are an important tool to assess flow pathways of such contaminants. This review compiles information on dyes used as hydrological tracers, with particular emphasis on vadose zone hydrology. We summarize briefly different human-applied tracers, including nondye tracers. We then provide a historical sketch of the use of dyes as tracers and describe newer developments in visualization and quantification of tracer experiments. Relevant chemical properties of dyes used as tracers are discussed and illustrated with dye intermediates and selected dye tracers. The types of dyes used as tracers in subsurface hydrology are summarized, and recommendations are made regarding the use of dye tracers. The review concludes with a toxicological assessment of dyes used as hydrological tracers. Many different dyes have been proposed as tracers for water movement in the subsurface. All of these compounds, however, are to some degree retarded by the subsurface medium. Nevertheless, dyes are useful tracers to visualize flow pathways.

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Section: Use Of Dyes As Hydrological Tracersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1986], Behrens et al . [2001] Steinheimer and Johnson [1986], Jensen and Krongaard‐Kristensen [1989], Field et al . [1995]; 17, Saffigna et al .…”

Section: Use Of Dyes As Hydrological Tracersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyes as tracers for vadose zone hydrology

Flury

Wai

2003

Reviews of Geophysics

242

166

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“…in the borehole. This low-ecotoxicity dye (Jensen and Kristensen, 1999;Behrens et al, 2001) would eventually mix into the lake to a concentration of 1 p.p.t. and thus its use was consistent with the recommendations of the US National Research Council (2007).…”

Section: Sampling and Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An oligarchic microbial assemblage in the anoxic bottom waters of a volcanic subglacial lake

et al. 2008

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In 2006, we sampled the anoxic bottom waters of a volcanic lake beneath the Vatnajö kull ice cap (Iceland). The sample contained 5 Â 10 5 cells per ml, and whole-cell fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and PCR with domain-specific probes showed these to be essentially all bacteria, with no detectable archaea. Pyrosequencing of the V6 hypervariable region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene, Sanger sequencing of a clone library and FISH-based enumeration of four major phylotypes revealed that the assemblage was dominated by a few groups of putative chemotrophic bacteria whose closest cultivated relatives use sulfide, sulfur or hydrogen as electron donors, and oxygen, sulfate or CO 2 as electron acceptors. Hundreds of other phylotypes are present at lower abundance in our V6 tag libraries and a rarefaction analysis indicates that sampling did not reach saturation, but FISH data limit the remaining biome to o10-20% of all cells. The composition of this oligarchy can be understood in the context of the chemical disequilibrium created by the mixing of sulfidic lake water and oxygenated glacial meltwater.

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“…RWT's widespread use stems from the fact that it is generally inexpensive and easy to detect through fluorometric instrumentation, and it has limited toxic or otherwise adverse properties when released in natural environments (Kasnavia et al 1999). Jenson and Kristensen (1989) reported that RWT had no inhibitory effects on Eschericia coli when used as in marine environments. The potential for toxicity was an important consideration for use in the MUS because the tracer would be in contact with the waste water, which is undergoing treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Rhodamine Water Tracer in the Marshland Upwelling System

Richardson

Willson

Rusch³

2004

Groundwater

130

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Rhodamine water tracer (RWT) was used to characterize the migration of waste water within the saline subsurface of a marshland upwelling system (MUS), which is an alternative on-site waste water treatment system for coastal areas. Field tracer studies were performed to investigate the fresh waste water plume movement within the saline ground water. Pore velocities were calculated using first detection times and ranged from 0.68 to 10.7 x 10(-4) cm/sec for the loamy sandy soil matrix present at the site. Use of RWT in the field also allowed determination of main and preferential flowpaths. One- and two-dimensional laboratory experiments were performed using silica sand to investigate the interactions of the organically rich waste water with RWT within the zone surrounding the point of injection (one-dimensional) and the impact of background salinity on plume movement (two-dimensional). The results from these studies were used to help explain the field data. One-dimensional breakthrough curves revealed retardation factors for the RWT in the waste water mixture of 1.73 to 1.90. These results were similar to other researchers, indicating little interaction between the waste water and RWT. Variations in pore water salinity (5, 15, 25, and 35 ppt) were found to have a significant effect on pore water velocities of the fresh water plume (two-dimensional), indicating the need to incorporate background salinities into the design process for MUS.

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Effects of Rhodamine Water Tracer on Escherichia coli densities

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Dyes as tracers for vadose zone hydrology

Dyes as tracers for vadose zone hydrology

An oligarchic microbial assemblage in the anoxic bottom waters of a volcanic subglacial lake

Use of Rhodamine Water Tracer in the Marshland Upwelling System

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