Effects of retinal eccentricity and acuity on global-motion processing

Bower, Jeffrey D.; Zheng, Bin; Andersen, George J.

doi:10.3758/s13414-012-0283-2

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In our experiment, baseline of peripheral visual acuity was 0.272° (mean), which is in line with previous findings showing a visual acuity of about 0.2° with ∼10° eccentricity (i.e. [30] , [31] ). Comparing baseline visual acuity in the chronology of sessions, we detected a small and continuous increase of performance, indicating a training effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Is Theta Burst Stimulation Applied to Visual Cortex Able to Modulate Peripheral Visual Acuity?

Brückner

Kammer

2014

PLoS ONE

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is usually applied to visual cortex to explore the effects on cortical excitability. Most researchers therefore concentrate on changes of phosphene threshold, rarely on consequences for visual performance. Thus, we investigated peripheral visual acuity in the four quadrants of the visual field using Landolt C optotypes before and after repetitive stimulation of the visual cortex. We applied continuous and intermittend theta burst stimulation with various stimulation intensities (60%, 80%, 100%, 120% of individual phosphene threshold) as well as monophasic and biphasic 1 Hz stimulation, respectively. As an important result, no serious adverse effects were observed. In particular, no seizure was induced, even with theta burst stimulation applied with 120% of individual phosphene threshold. In only one case stimulation was ceased because the subject reported intolerable pain. Baseline visual acuity decreased over sessions, indicating a continuous training effect. Unexpectedly, none of the applied transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols had an effect on performance: no change in visual acuity was found in any of the four quadrants of the visual field. Binocular viewing as well as the use of peripheral instead of foveal presentation of the stimuli might have contributed to this result. Furthermore, intraindividual variability could have masked the TMS- induced effects on visual acuity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Is Theta Burst Stimulation Applied to Visual Cortex Able to Modulate Peripheral Visual Acuity?

Brückner

Kammer

2014

PLoS ONE

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“…Consistent with "foveal advantages" for 2-D motion discrimination (Bower, Bian, & Andersen, 2012;Orban, Van Calenbergh, De Bruyn, & Maes, 1985), self-motion perception (Crowell & Banks, 1993;Warren & Kurtz, 1992), and time-to-contact estimation (Regan & Vincent, 1995), we found that 3-D motion sensitivity decreased with eccentricity. These findings may partially stem from eccentricitydependent decreases in 2-D direction selectivity in visual cortex (Orban, Kennedy, & Bullier, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Perspective Cues Make Eye-specific Contributions to 3-D Motion Perception

Thompson

Kim

Zhu

et al. 2021

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Robust 3-D visual perception is achieved by integrating stereoscopic and perspective cues. The canonical model describing the integration of these cues assumes that perspective signals sensed by the left and right eyes are indiscriminately pooled into a single representation that contributes to perception. Here, we show that this model fails to account for 3-D motion perception. We measured the sensitivity of male macaque monkeys to 3-D motion signaled by left-eye perspective cues, right-eye perspective cues, stereoscopic cues, and all three cues combined. The monkeys exhibited idiosyncratic differences in their biases and sensitivities for each cue, including left- and right-eye perspective cues, suggesting that the signals undergo at least partially separate neural processing. Importantly, sensitivity to combined cue stimuli was greater than predicted by the canonical model, which previous studies found to account for the perception of 3-D orientation in both humans and monkeys. Instead, 3-D motion sensitivity was best explained by a model in which stereoscopic cues were integrated with left- and right-eye perspective cues whose representations were at least partially independent. These results indicate that the integration of perspective and stereoscopic cues is a shared computational strategy across 3-D processing domains. However, they also reveal a fundamental difference in how left- and right-eye perspective signals are represented for 3-D orientation versus motion perception. This difference results in more effective use of available sensory information in the processing of 3-D motion than orientation and may reflect the temporal urgency of avoiding and intercepting moving objects.

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“…If the button was pressed before gaze was on that target, peripheral vision was used for change detection. Since previous research has shown that motion-information changes facilitate the use peripheral vision (To, Regan, Wood, & Mollon, 2011), target-motion changes should be well detectable with peripheral vision, even as motion perception becomes incredibly less sensitive with increasing eccentricity (Bower, Bian, & Andersen, 2012;McKee & Nakayama, 1984;Yu et al, 2010). Due to the impaired acuity of peripheral vision in comparison to foveal vision, for form and motion changes of comparable salience, higher detection rates for target-motion than target-form changes were expected (for further details on the methods, see Vater et al, 2016).…”

Section: Monitoring Multiple Moving Objects With Peripheral Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the functionality of peripheral vision

Vater

Kredel

Hossner

2017

CISS

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In sports, it is important not only to locate gaze on the right location to utilize the high acuity of foveal vision, but also to attend to other objects in the environment without looking directly at them, accordingly, using peripheral vision. Peripheral vision becomes especially important if, for example, the processing of information from more than one location (e.g. players) is decisive in making accurate decisions. Since such decisions generally must be made under high spatio-temporal demands, costly eye-movements might be advantageously avoided by using peripheral vision for information pick-up from multiple cues. In a series of studies, we aimed to translate the demands found in sports and to investigate the functionality of peripheral vision in a well-controlled experimental paradigm, the multiple object tracking (MOT) task. MOT was implemented in a dual task, along with an additional event-detection task. The present article first presents an overview of sport-specific studies focusing on the functionality of peripheral vision and following, summarizes a series of three published MOT studies. These studies show that peripheral vision is used for simultaneous target monitoring and target-change detection and that visual and attentional demands affect gaze anchoring and change-detection rates. Results also reveal a dysfunctionality of saccades, and further suggest an event- and distance-optimized gaze-anchoring position. In the final portion of this article, we derive specific applications for future sports-specific research. Specifically, we suggest to: (a) use dual-task situations in sport-specific settings, such as monitoring multiple players in soccer and playing a pass at specific moments, (b) investigate the costs of saccades in sports situations with high spatio-temporal demands, as in martial arts, and finally, (c) manipulate attentional and visual demands. For each of these avenues of research, we sketch sports-specific experiments currently being conducted in our research group.

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Effects of retinal eccentricity and acuity on global-motion processing

Cited by 6 publications

References 39 publications

Is Theta Burst Stimulation Applied to Visual Cortex Able to Modulate Peripheral Visual Acuity?

Is Theta Burst Stimulation Applied to Visual Cortex Able to Modulate Peripheral Visual Acuity?

Perspective Cues Make Eye-specific Contributions to 3-D Motion Perception

Examining the functionality of peripheral vision

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