Effects of resveratrol and flavonols on cardiovascular function: Physiological mechanisms

Yap, Suwan; Qin, Cheng Xue; Woodman, Owen L.

doi:10.1002/biof.111

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Recently, the ethanolic extract of this plant, which is known to contain a variety of flavones (Yenjai et al, 2004), has been shown to inhibit phenylephrineinduced contractile responses of the rat aorta (Wattanapitayakul et al, 2008), increase blood flow to the testis (Chaturapanich et al, 2008) and enhance nitric oxide (NO) production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells . These actions are consistent with the reported vascular and antioxidant actions of flavones (Woodman and Chan, 2004;Yap et al, 2010). The compounds showing NO production can be promising candidates for vasodilation, which may serve as an effective anti-ischaemia agent to adjust blood flow to normal, and finally recover dysfunction of heart induced by ischaemia.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Therefore the first aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms of action of KPE in causing vasorelaxation in rat isolated thoracic aorta, in particular the involvement of calcium and endothelium-derived NO. The second aim of the study was to determined whether KPE reduces superoxide generation in rat aortae and protects endothelium-dependent relaxation of rat aorta against oxidative stress as previously reported for flavones and flavonols (Woodman and Chan, 2004;Yap et al, 2010). Finally, the positive outcomes from those investigations then led us to determine whether KPE was able to attenuate cardiac dysfunction resulting from global ischaemia and reperfusion of the rat isolated heart.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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The ethanolic extract of Kaempferia parviflora reduces ischaemic injury in rat isolated hearts

Malakul

Ingkaninan

Woodman

2011

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The ethanolic extract of Kaempferia parviflora reduces ischaemic injury in rat isolated hearts

Malakul

Ingkaninan

Woodman

2011

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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“…In addition to questions about the practical utility of such a term, the theoretical basis for assessing the impact of “total” flavonoid intakes on cardiovascular disease is also uncertain. Although there are many putative biological mechanisms underlying a possible cardioprotective role for flavonoids, 113,114 including antioxidant, 16,115,116 vasodilatory, 117–123 antithrombotic, 23,124–127 anti‐inflammatory, 19,21,22,48,128 and endothelial protective 23,35,48,129,130 properties of some of the compounds, 131 the effects of the flavonoids appear to vary from compound to compound within each class, rather than being inherent in all compounds in each of the several classes 1,50 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between flavonoids and cardiovascular disease incidence or mortality in European and US populations

Peterson¹,

Dwyer²,

Jacques³

et al. 2012

Nutrition Reviews

185

122

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Twenty publications from twelve prospective cohorts evaluated associations between flavonoid intakes and incidence or mortality from cardiovascular disease among adults in Europe and the United States (US). The most common outcome was coronary heart disease mortality, and four of eight cohort studies reported significant inverse associations for at least one flavonoid class (multivariate adjusted ptrend <.05). Three of seven cohorts reported that greater flavonoid intake was associated with lower risk of incident stroke. Comparisons were difficult because of variability in the flavonoid classes included, demographic characteristics of the populations, outcomes assessed, and length of follow up. The most common flavonoid classes examined were flavones and flavonols combined (11 studies). Only one study examined all seven flavonoid classes. The flavonol and flavone classes were most strongly associated with lower CHD mortality. Evidence for protection from other flavonoid classes and CVD outcomes was more limited. The hypothesis that flavonoid intakes are associated with lower CVD incidence and mortality requires further study.

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“…They exhibit a variety of biological actions such as antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and vasorelaxant effects [14], [15]. There is growing evidence that consumption of a flavonoid-rich diet reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease states associated with overproduction of ROS [16], [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3′,4′-Dihydroxyflavonol Reduces Superoxide and Improves Nitric Oxide Function in Diabetic Rat Mesenteric Arteries

2011

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Background3',4'-Dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF) is an effective antioxidant that acutely preserves nitric oxide (NO) activity in the presence of elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS). We hypothesized that DiOHF treatment (7 days, 1 mg/kg per day s.c.) would improve relaxation in mesenteric arteries from diabetic rats where endothelial dysfunction is associated with elevated oxidant stress.Methodology/Principal FindingsIn mesenteric arteries from diabetic rats there was an increase in ROS, measured by L-012 and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescence. NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide levels, assayed by lucigenin chemiluminescence, were also significantly increased in diabetic mesenteric arteries (diabetes, 4892±946 counts/mg versus normal 2486±344 counts/mg, n = 7–10, p<0.01) associated with an increase in Nox2 expression but DiOHF (2094±300 counts/mg, n = 10, p<0.001) reversed that effect. Acetylcholine (ACh)-induced relaxation of mesenteric arteries was assessed using wire myography (pEC50 = 7.94±0.13 n = 12). Diabetes significantly reduced the sensitivity to ACh and treatment with DiOHF prevented endothelial dysfunction (pEC50, diabetic 6.86±0.12 versus diabetic+DiOHF, 7.49±0.13, n = 11, p<0.01). The contribution of NO versus endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) to ACh-induced relaxation was assessed by evaluating responses in the presence of TRAM-34+apamin+iberiotoxin or N-nitro-L-arginine+ODQ respectively. Diabetes impaired the contribution of both NO (maximum relaxation, Rmax diabetic 24±7 versus normal, 68±10, n = 9–10, p<0.01) and EDHF (pEC50, diabetic 6.63±0.15 versus normal, 7.14±0.12, n = 10–11, p<0.01) to endothelium-dependent relaxation. DiOHF treatment did not significantly affect the EDHF contribution but enhanced NO-mediated relaxation (Rmax 69±6, n = 11, p<0.01). Western blotting demonstrated that diabetes also decreased expression and increased uncoupling of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Treatment of the diabetic rats with DiOHF significantly reduced vascular ROS and restored NO-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxation. Treatment of the diabetic rats with DiOHF also increased eNOS expression, both in total and as a dimer.Conclusions/SignificanceDiOHF improves NO activity in diabetes by reducing Nox2-dependent superoxide production and preventing eNOS uncoupling to improve endothelial function.

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Effects of resveratrol and flavonols on cardiovascular function: Physiological mechanisms

Cited by 29 publications

References 108 publications

The ethanolic extract of Kaempferia parviflora reduces ischaemic injury in rat isolated hearts

The ethanolic extract of Kaempferia parviflora reduces ischaemic injury in rat isolated hearts

Associations between flavonoids and cardiovascular disease incidence or mortality in European and US populations

3′,4′-Dihydroxyflavonol Reduces Superoxide and Improves Nitric Oxide Function in Diabetic Rat Mesenteric Arteries

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