Effects of Resistance Training Performed to Failure or Not to Failure on Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy, and Power Output: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Vieira, Alexandra; Umpierre, Daniel; Teodoro, Juliana Lopes; Lisboa, Salime Chedid; Baroni, Bruno Manfredini; Izquierdo, Mikel; Cadore, Eduardo Lusa

doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003936

Cited by 46 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The increased body weight might result in enhanced grip power in HPHF. A recent review revealed that resistance training could increase muscle strength [ 40 ]. In our study, the 8-week training enhanced grip power in the Con groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Protein High-Fat Diet Leads to Loss of Body Weight and White Adipose Tissue Weight via Enhancing Energy Expenditure in Mice

Rang

Jiao

et al. 2021

Metabolites

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Obesity has become a worldwide health problem over the past three decades. During obesity, metabolic dysfunction of white adipose tissue (WAT) is a key factor increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. A variety of diet approaches have been proposed for the prevention and treatment of obesity. The low-protein high-fat diet (LPHF) is a special kind of high-fat diet, characterized by the intake of a low amount of protein, while compared to typical high-fat diet, may induce weight loss and browning of WAT. Physical activity is another effective intervention to treat obesity by reducing WAT mass, inducing browning of WAT. In order to determine whether an LPHF, along with exercise enhanced body weight loss and body fat loss as well as the synergistic effect of an LPHF and exercise on energy expenditure in a mice model, we combined a 10-week LPHF with an 8-week forced treadmill training. Meanwhile, a traditional high-fat diet (HPHF) containing the same fat and relatively more protein was introduced as a comparison. In the current study, we further analyzed energy metabolism-related gene expression, plasma biomarkers, and related physiological changes. When comparing to HPHF, which induced a dramatic increase in body weight and WAT weight, the LPHF led to considerable loss of body weight and WAT, without muscle mass and strength decline, while it exhibited a risk of liver and pancreas damage. The mechanism underlying the LPHF-induced loss of body weight and WAT may be attributed to the synergistically upregulated expression of Ucp1 in WAT and Fgf21 in the liver, which may enhance energy expenditure. The 8-week training did not further enhance weight loss and increased plasma biomarkers of muscle damage when combined with LPHF. Furthermore, LPHF reduced the expression of fatty acid oxidation-related genes in adipose tissues, muscle tissues, and liver. Our results indicated that an LPHF has potential for obesity treatment, while the physiological condition should be monitored during application.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Protein High-Fat Diet Leads to Loss of Body Weight and White Adipose Tissue Weight via Enhancing Energy Expenditure in Mice

Rang

Jiao

et al. 2021

Metabolites

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“…Of interest, the latest evidence on strength training support that using low loads, low volume and not-to-failure repetitions produce considerable improvements in maximal dynamic strength, power output and muscle hypertrophy while preventing typical discomfort, fatigue or stiffness after traditional high-demanding training [ 95 , 96 , 97 ]. This is important given that people with post-COVID-19 syndrome are expected to be reluctant to engage in exercise due to fatigue, deconditioning and low tolerance to exercise intensity.…”

Section: The Potential Role Of Exercise In Post-covid-19 Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome and the Potential Benefits of Exercise

Jimeno-Almazán

Pallarés

Buendía-Romero

et al. 2021

IJERPH

247

163

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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is leading to unknown and unusual health conditions that are challenging to manage. Post-COVID-19 syndrome is one of those challenges, having become increasingly common as the pandemic evolves. The latest estimates suggest that 10 to 20% of the SARS-CoV-2 patients who undergo an acute symptomatic phase are experiencing effects of the disease beyond 12 weeks after diagnosis. Although research is beginning to examine this new condition, there are still serious concerns about the diagnostic identification, which limits the best therapeutic approach. Exercise programs and physical activity levels are well-known modulators of the clinical manifestations and prognosis in many chronic diseases. This narrative review summarizes the up-to-date evidence on post-COVID-19 syndrome to contribute to a better knowledge of the disease and explains how regular exercise may improve many of these symptoms and could reduce the long-term effects of COVID-19.

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“…A subsequent meta-analysis by Vieira et al (175) found that training to failure promoted greater increases in muscle mass compared to non-failure protocols, with a relatively large magnitude of effect (ES = 0.75 [95% CI 0.22 to 1.28]). Discrepancies in the findings between the two meta-analyses can be attributed, at least in part, to differences in study inclusion; the study by Grgic et al (172) included data from 7 studies whereas the study of Vieira et al (175) included only 4 studies.…”

Section: Evidence From the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance Training Recommendations to Maximize Muscle Hypertrophy in an Athletic Population: Position Stand of the IUSCA

Schöenfeld

Fisher

Grgić

et al. 2021

Int'l Journal of Strength & Conditioning

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Hypertrophy can be operationally defined as an increase in the axial cross-sectional area of a muscle fiber or whole muscle, and is due to increases in the size of pre-existing muscle fibers. Hypertrophy is a desired outcome in many sports. For some athletes, muscular bulk and, conceivably, the accompanying increase in strength/power, are desirable attributes for optimal performance. Moreover, bodybuilders and other physique athletes are judged in part on their muscular size, with placings predicated on the overall magnitude of lean mass. In some cases, even relatively small improvements in hypertrophy might be the difference between winning and losing in competition for these athletes. This position stand of leading experts in the field synthesizes the current body of research to provide guidelines for maximizing skeletal muscle hypertrophy in an athletic population. The recommendations represent a consensus of a consortium of experts in the field, based on the best available current evidence. Specific sections of the paper are devoted to elucidating the constructs of hypertrophy, reconciliation of acute vs long-term evidence, and the relationship between strength and hypertrophy to provide context to our recommendations.

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Effects of Resistance Training Performed to Failure or Not to Failure on Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy, and Power Output: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Cited by 46 publications

References 49 publications

A Low-Protein High-Fat Diet Leads to Loss of Body Weight and White Adipose Tissue Weight via Enhancing Energy Expenditure in Mice

A Low-Protein High-Fat Diet Leads to Loss of Body Weight and White Adipose Tissue Weight via Enhancing Energy Expenditure in Mice

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome and the Potential Benefits of Exercise

Resistance Training Recommendations to Maximize Muscle Hypertrophy in an Athletic Population: Position Stand of the IUSCA

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