Effects of Resistance Training on Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Latino Adolescent Males

Shaibi, Gabriel Q.; Cruz, Martha L.; Ball, Geoff D.C.; Weigensberg, Marc J.; Salem, George J.; Crespo, Noé C.; Goran, Michael I.

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000227304.88406.0f

Cited by 266 publications

(399 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…(28) A growing body of literature in the pediatric population suggests that similar improvements in cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk factors can be achieved via lifestyle modification. (29,30) Therefore, establishing a unified definition of the metabolic syndrome will allow clinicians to appropriately identify high-risk youth who may benefit from intensive therapeutic lifestyle modifications or pharmacologic treatments. Given that we have yet to determine all of the factors associated with increased disease risk in youth (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Metabolic Syndrome Definitions in Overweight Hispanic Youth: A Focus on Insulin Resistance

Shaibi

Goran

2008

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Objective-To examine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in overweight Hispanic youth according to three published pediatric definitions. Furthermore, the relationship of each definition to directly measured insulin resistance was examined.Study design-Secondary data analysis of 218 overweight Hispanic youth with a family history of type 2 diabetes. The metabolic syndrome was defined as ≥ three of the following; elevated triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol, elevated blood pressure, abdominal obesity, and hyperglycemia. The cut-points were derived from updated definitions of Cook et al(1), Cruz et al(2), and Weiss et al(3). Insulin sensitivity was determined via the insulin-modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test.Results-Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome ranged from 25.7% to 39% with moderate to substantial agreement between definitions (kappa=0.52−0.7). Regardless of definition, an inverse relationship between metabolic risk and insulin sensitivity was noted such that children with the metabolic syndrome had 51−60% lower insulin sensitivity compared to those without any risk factors (p≤0.001 for all definitions). Conclusion-The metabolic syndrome is prevalent in overweight Hispanic youth and may provide pediatricians with additional clinical insight for identifying the most metabolically at-risk children. Working towards a uniform and practical definition of the metabolic syndrome may improve its clinical implementation. KeywordsInsulin resistance; Obesity; Child; Latino; Metabolic syndromeThe metabolic syndrome is a clustering of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk factors which includes central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and glucose intolerance. (4) Collectively, these risk factors cluster around a common pathophysiolgy related to insulin Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. To this end, the American Academy of Pediatrics has identified the prevention of pediatric obesity and its metabolic co-morbidities as a critical priority for clinicians with the hopes of improving the current and future health status of overweight youth. (9) The pediatric growth charts have provided pediatricians and researchers with a standardized, population-based tool to assess for overweight and track adiposity changes over time.(10) Unlike the pediatric growth charts, there is no accepted reference for the metabolic syndrome in children. As such, clinicians and researchers are left with the challenge of how to appropriately ascertain the level of metabolic risk in overweight children with multiple cardiovascular disease and...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Metabolic Syndrome Definitions in Overweight Hispanic Youth: A Focus on Insulin Resistance

Shaibi

Goran

2008

The Journal of Pediatrics

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“…In Table 1, using the above approach we reported 11 randomized controlled trials involving PA performed in obese children and adolescents. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] These randomized controlled trials involved a wide range of patients' sample size, and PA programs were different for intensity, duration, modality and setting. In general, these studies have found a positive effect of PA programs, particularly of a vigorous intensity, on blood pressure and lipid levels.…”

Section: Physiopathological Basis Of the Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Scientific evidences collected in the last years in pediatric subjects, in opposition, support the existence of a strong relationship between PA and MS; [17][18][19][20][21] moreover, several intervention studies performed in obese children and adolescents showed the efficacy of PA programs on MS parameters. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Therefore, there is an evident discrepancy between theory and practice regarding the role given to PA in MS treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity as the main therapeutic tool for metabolic syndrome in childhood

Brambilla¹,

Pozzobon

Pietrobelli

2010

Int J Obes

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Physical activity (PA) and diet directly influence obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) as important determinants of body composition. Understanding how PA relates to MS in youth is of great importance, and could offer a common strategy for clinical and public health approaches to control this condition. The underlying disorder of MS is a condition of insulin resistance, and a strong relationship between PA level and insulin sensitivity is clearly ascertained. The type, duration, frequency and intensity of PA affect fuel metabolism, in particular carbohydrate and lipid oxidation. The possible modulation of metabolism because of increased fat oxidation by PA is the basis for both prevention and restoration of insulin resistance and MS in obese children. In daily clinical practice, diet followed by pharmacologic treatment are usually the approaches taken, whereas PA is often considered just a suggestion. Although diet and PA have different effects on body composition, with both contributing to fat loss, only PA increases muscle mass and thus has a direct effect on metabolic function, expressed by changes in cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, it is important to remember their complementary but different targets in daily clinical practice, such as body weight control for diet and metabolic health for PA. In this review, we have summarized the literature on the relationship between PA and MS in pediatrics. Then, we have analyzed the possibility of using PA for MS treatment, as an alternative to drugs, by discussing the results of intervention studies, reasons for low compliance to PA, related benefits, adherence difficulties and costs. Finally, we have tried to suggest recommendations for a multiple-step PA strategy in children and adolescents at risk for MS, by considering PA as the 'key' player in treatment.

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“…Sabe-se que o treinamento resistido estimula o aumento de massa corporal magra, bem como, força e tônus muscular (SHAIBI et al, 2006). Neste cenário nossos resultados foram similares aos resultados encontrados por Foschini et al (2010), uma vez que ambos os modelos de treinamento físico possibilitaram aumento neste componente.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Entretanto, não há estudos comparando tais métodos de treinamento físico em adolescentes obesos e não se pode dizer ao certo se o treinamento funcional aliado ao treinamento aeróbio pode oferecer resultados similares ou não ao modelo mais convencional oferecido pelo treinamento concorrente (SHAIBI et al, 2006 …”

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Efeito de dois modelos de treinamento físico na composição corporal, variáveis metabólicas e hepáticas de jovens obesos

et al. 2014

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RESUMOComparar efeito do treinamento concorrente e o treinamento funcional na composição corporal, perfil lipídico e esteatose hepática não alcoólica (EHNA) em adolescentes obesos. Estudo longitudinal/analítico por amostragem não aleatória. Amostra de 49 adolescentes obesos (treinamento concorrente[n=36]; treinamento funcional[n=13]). Nos dois tipos de treinamento físico 50% de atividade aeróbia, e 50% resistida (concorrente: musculação; funcional: peso do próprio corpo e/ou pesos livres). Para distribuição normal aplicou-se Teste t de Student para dados pareados. Treinamento concorrente apresentou redução para lipoproteína de baixa densidade (-16,45%), colesterol total (-11,55%), gordura corporal (-8,52%) e gordura de tronco (-9,95%) e aumento da massa muscular (5,05%). Treinamento funcional reduziu 76,9% a ocorrência da EHNA, gordura corporal (-4,97%), gordura intra-abdominal (-19,90%), e aumento na massa muscular (4,18%). Devido ao alto acometimento da EHNA neste grupo, futuras investigações se fazem necessárias. Para tanto, o treinamento concorrente parece ser uma ferramenta útil para o tratamento da EHNA em adolescentes obesos.Palavras-chave: Adolescente. Obesidade. Exercício Físico. Esteatose Hepática.

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Effects of Resistance Training on Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Latino Adolescent Males

Abstract: A twice-per-week 16-wk resistance training program can significantly increase insulin sensitivity in overweight Latino adolescent males independent of changes in body composition.

Cited by 266 publications

References 40 publications

Examining Metabolic Syndrome Definitions in Overweight Hispanic Youth: A Focus on Insulin Resistance

Examining Metabolic Syndrome Definitions in Overweight Hispanic Youth: A Focus on Insulin Resistance

Physical activity as the main therapeutic tool for metabolic syndrome in childhood

Efeito de dois modelos de treinamento físico na composição corporal, variáveis metabólicas e hepáticas de jovens obesos

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