Effects of resistance training on performance in previously trained endurance runners: A systematic review

Alcaraz‐Ibáñez, Manuel; Rodríguez-Pérez, Manuel A.

doi:10.1080/02640414.2017.1326618

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In addition to running, strength training (ST) was found to improve muscular strength and RE in runners of very different levels [21][22][23], and performance in previously trained runners [23]. Thus, RE improvements were observed following different types of ST, such as resistance training [24][25][26][27] and plyometric training [28].…”

Section: Strength Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Training and Physical Performance in Recreational Endurance Runners

Boullosa

Esteve-Lanao²,

Casado

et al. 2020

Sports

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Endurance running has become an immensely popular sporting activity, with millions of recreational runners around the world. Despite the great popularity of endurance running as a recreational activity during leisure time, there is no consensus on the best practice for recreational runners to effectively train to reach their individual objectives and improve physical performance in a healthy manner. Moreover, there are lots of anecdotal data without scientific support, while most scientific evidence on endurance running was developed from studies observing both recreational and professional athletes of different levels. Further, the transference of all this information to only recreational runners is difficult due to differences in the genetic predisposition for endurance running, the time available for training, and physical, psychological, and physiological characteristics. Therefore, the aim of this review is to present a selection of scientific evidence regarding endurance running to provide training guidelines to be used by recreational runners and their coaches. The review will focus on some key aspects of the training process, such as periodization, training methods and monitoring, performance prediction, running technique, and prevention and management of injuries associated with endurance running.

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Section: Strength Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Training and Physical Performance in Recreational Endurance Runners

Boullosa

Esteve-Lanao²,

Casado

et al. 2020

Sports

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“…Weightlifting exercise is well established as an exercise modality of resistance exercise to improve skeletal muscle mass [ 1 , 2 ], strength [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], endurance [ 6 , 7 ] and power [ 8 , 9 ]. These positive adaptations in skeletal muscle function translate into athletic performance [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ] and health-related [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ] benefits in a range of populations [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. To achieve specific muscular adaptations, resistance exercise training programs can manipulate variables such as muscle action, loading and volume, exercise selection and order, free weights vs. resistance machines, rest periods, number of repetitions and sets, velocity of muscle action and frequency [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Weightlifting Exercise Performance in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Dietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation has been evidenced to induce an ergogenic effect in endurance and sprint-type exercise, which may be underpinned by enhanced muscle contractility and perfusion, particularly in type II muscle fibers. However, limited data are available to evaluate the ergogenic potential of NO3− supplementation during other exercise modalities that mandate type II fiber recruitment, such as weightlifting exercise (i.e., resistance exercise). In this systematic review, we examine the existing evidence basis for NO3− supplementation to improve muscular power, velocity of contraction, and muscular endurance during weightlifting exercise in healthy adults. We also discuss the potential mechanistic bases for any positive effects of NO3− supplementation on resistance exercise performance. Dialnet, Directory of Open Access Journals, Medline, Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus and SPORT Discus databases were searched for articles using the keywords: nitrate or beetroot and supplement or nut*r or diet and strength or “resistance exercise” or “resistance training” or “muscular power”. Four articles fulfilling the inclusion criteria were identified. Two of the four studies indicated that NO3− supplementation could increase aspects of upper body weightlifting exercise (i.e., bench press) performance (increases in mean power/velocity of contraction/number of repetitions to failure), whereas another study observed an increase in the number of repetitions to failure during lower limb weightlifting exercise (i.e., back squat). Although these preliminary observations are encouraging, further research is required for the ergogenic potential of NO3− supplementation on weightlifting exercise performance to be determined.

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“…The physiological mechanisms that determine endurance running performance include the maximum volume of oxygen that can be ventilated, delivered and used by the body’s cells at sea level (VO 2 max) [1], the percentage of VO 2 max that a runner can sustain before blood lactate accumulation exceeds clearance (%VO 2 max at second ventilatory threshold VT 2 ) [2,3], and the metabolic cost of running at a given velocity (RE) [1]. Many trained runners also use resistance training to improve their running performance, be it by indirectly improving RE, muscular power capabilities or running performance [4]. Moreover, in recreational distance runners, heavy resistance, explosive resistance and muscle endurance resistance training have been found to significantly improve running performance [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Metabolic Changes with Thigh-Positioned Wearable Resistances during Submaximal Running in Endurance-Trained Runners

Field

Gill

Macadam

et al. 2019

Sports

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The aim of this study was to determine the acute metabolic effects of different magnitudes of wearable resistance (WR) attached to the thigh during submaximal running. Twenty endurance-trained runners (40.8 ± 8.2 years, 1.77 ± 0.7 m, 75.4 ± 9.2 kg) completed six submaximal eight-minute running trials unloaded and with WRs of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% body mass (BM), in a random order. The use of a WR resulted in a 1.6 ± 0.6% increase in oxygen consumption (VO2) for every 1% BM of additional load. Inferential based analysis found that the loading of ≥3% BM was needed to elicit any substantial responses in VO2, with an increase that was likely to be moderate in scale (effect size (ES) ± 90% confidential interval (CI): 0.24 ± 0.07). Using heart rate data, a training load score was extrapolated to quantify the amount of internal stress. For every 1% BM of WR, there is an extra 0.17 ± 0.06 estimated increase in training load. A WR ≥3% of BM was needed to elicit substantial responses in lactate production, with an increase which was very likely to be large in scale (ES ± 90% CI: 0.41 ± 0.18). A thigh-positioned WR provides a running-specific overload with loads ≥3% BM, resulting in substantial changes in metabolic responses.

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Effects of resistance training on performance in previously trained endurance runners: A systematic review

Cited by 24 publications

References 60 publications

Factors Affecting Training and Physical Performance in Recreational Endurance Runners

Factors Affecting Training and Physical Performance in Recreational Endurance Runners

Effects of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Weightlifting Exercise Performance in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review

Acute Metabolic Changes with Thigh-Positioned Wearable Resistances during Submaximal Running in Endurance-Trained Runners

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