Effects of Resistance Training on Autonomic Nervous Function in Older Individuals

Abstract

Skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function decline with aging are the symptoms that characterize sarcopenia, which has become a significant problem in aging societies. Aging is also associated with arterial stiffness and autonomic nervous dysfunction, leading to increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. Resistance training (RT) is effective for improving muscle fitness in older individuals as well as young healthy individuals. However, the effects of RT on autonomic nervous function (ANF) in the elderly have not been fully elucidated. The author reviewed the current evidence regarding RT and ANF in older individuals. Whole-body, high-intensity or progressive RT had either no effect on ANF or perhaps an unfavorable effect on ANF. On the other hand, local isometric, moderate-intensity RT may have a beneficial effect on ANF in older individuals. The combination of RT and aerobic exercise had a favorable effect on ANF in older patients with comorbidities. However, the optimal intensity, frequency, and duration of RT for improving ANF in older individuals remain unknown. Further studies with a large number of subjects are warranted.