Effects of Resistance, Endurance, and Concurrent Exercise on Training Outcomes in Men

Glowacki, Shawn; Martin, Steven E.; Maurer, Ann; Baek, Woo-yeul; Green, John S.; Crouse, Stephen F.

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000147629.74832.52

Cited by 142 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Compared to the single exercise, whole body RT increased the total amount of skeletal muscle mass (e.g., increase in fat-free mass), which is thought to be related, in part, to changes in VO 2 max [17]. However, despite the increases in fat-free mass or muscle fiber size, these studies still observed no significant increase in VO 2 max [7,15,20]. Furthermore, it is reported that there was no significant change in mitochondria enzyme activity (e.g., citrate synthase and succinate dehydrogenase) following RT [7,37].…”

Section: Effects Of Training Volumementioning

confidence: 79%

“…Previous RT studies reported that fat-free mass (FFM) increased~2 kg following 8-12 weeks of training [15,20,21]. It is presumed that approximately half of the increased FFM is skeletal muscle mass [2].…”

Section: Changes In Muscle Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, increasing 2 kg FFM (about 1 kg skeletal muscle mass) contributes to a change in VO 2 max (about 200 ml/min). Although FFM increased after RT, a significant increase in VO 2 max was only observed in older subjects [21] and was undetected in young subjects [15,20]. The RT-induced increase in muscle mass may therefore contribute to only a small improvement of VO 2 max.…”

Section: Changes In Muscle Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance training induced increase in VO2max in young and older subjects

Ozaki

Loenneke

Thiebaud

et al. 2013

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

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It is an undeniable fact that resistance training (RT) is a potent stimulus for muscle hypertrophy and strength gain, but it is less understood whether RT can increase maximal aerobic capacity (VO 2 max). The purpose of this brief review is to discuss whether or not RT enhances VO 2 max in young (20-40 years) and older subjects (>60 years). Only 3 of 17 studies involving young subjects have indicated significant increases in VO 2 max following RT, while six of nine studies in older subjects have reported significant improvements in VO 2 max following RT. There was a significant negative correlation between the initial VO 2 max and RT-induced change in VO 2 max. This result suggests that RT-induced increase in VO 2 max is dependent upon the subject's initial VO 2 max. The RT-induced increase in VO 2 max may be elicited when their initial relative VO 2 max is lower than 25 ml/kg/min for older subjects and lower than 40 ml/kg/min for young subjects. Thus, RT can be expected to improve concurrently both muscular and cardiovascular fitnesses within a single mode of RT when young and old persons have initially low fitness levels.

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Section: Effects Of Training Volumementioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Changes In Muscle Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Changes In Muscle Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Resistance training induced increase in VO2max in young and older subjects

Ozaki

Loenneke

Thiebaud

et al. 2013

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Foram consideradas não treinadas as voluntárias que não participavam de um programa de treinamento físico pelo menos três meses antes, além de não estarem envolvidas em nenhum tipo de exercícios regulares durante a realização do estudo (19) . As voluntárias foram subdivididas em dois grupos:…”

Section: Métodos Sujeitosunclassified

“…Esse aumento em resposta ao treinamento de resistência de força não é um resultado consensual, não sendo observado em alguns estudos (12,13,19,24) , enquanto outros relataram aumento nesse índice (14,16) . Além disso, outra diferença do presente estudo se deve à participação exclusiva de mulheres, podendo sugerir o comportamento de determinado gênero em resposta ao treinamento; as voluntárias realizaram os testes cardiopulmonares antes e após 12 semanas, independente da fase do ciclo menstrual, pois, embora o controle dessa variável seja uma preocupação notória em estudos com mulheres, pesquisas anteriores demonstraram que a fase do ciclo menstrual não altera a capacidade cardiorrespiratória em mulheres (25,26) .…”

Section: Tabela 3 Variáveis Cardiopulmonares Dos Grupos Experimentalunclassified

Efeitos do treinamento de resistência de força com alto número de repetições no consumo máximo de oxigênio e limiar ventilatório de mulheres

Souza

César

Borin

et al. 2008

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Os efeitos do treinamento com pesos na aptidão cardiorrespiratória de mulheres não estão amplamente definidos. O estudo teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos do treinamento de resistência de força com alto número de repetições no consumo máximo de oxigênio e limiar ventilatório em mulheres jovens. Participaram deste estudo 20 mulheres, com idade de 21,2 ± 2,7 anos, agrupadas em: I - grupo de treinamento de resistência de força com alto número de repetições (GT, n = 10) e II - controle (GC, n = 10). Todas as voluntárias foram submetidas ao seguinte protocolo: antropometria, teste cardiopulmonar em esteira rolante e testes de 1RM nos exercícios: leg-press 45º, cadeira extensora, mesa flexora, supino reto, puxador costas, desenvolvimento com a barra, rosca direta e tríceps com a barra. Os testes foram realizados antes e após 12 semanas. No período proposto, os grupos realizaram: I - GT: exercícios resistidos, os mesmos dos testes de 1RM, com três séries de 25 repetições, com aproximadamente 30% de 1RM; II - GC: não realizou nenhum treinamento físico. Após 12 semanas, o GC não apresentou alterações nas variáveis estudadas (p > 0,05). O GT apresentou aumento significante da massa magra (p < 0,05) e diminuição do percentual de gordura (p < 0,01) e da gordura corporal (p < 0,01). Houve aumento dos testes de 1RM em todos os exercícios (p < 0,01) e aumento do consumo máximo de oxigênio (p < 0,05), mas não houve alteração no limiar ventilatório (p > 0,05). Conclui-se que o treinamento de resistência de força com alto número de repetições proporcionou melhora da potência aeróbia das voluntárias, evidenciado pelo aumento do consumo máximo de oxigênio, embora não tenha modificado o limiar ventilatório.

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Combined Endurance and Resistance Exercise Mitigates Age‐Associated Cardiac Dysfunction

Han,

Ashraf,

Shi

et al. 2024

Advanced Biology

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Aging is associated with a decline in cardiac function. Exercise has been shown to effectively reduce the risks of cardiovascular diseases. Here whether a combination of endurance and resistance exercises can improve cardiac function in aged mice during late life is investigated. Through transcriptome analysis, several signaling pathways activated in the hearts of 22‐month‐old mice after combined exercise, including cardiac muscle contraction, mitophagy, and longevity regulation are identified. Combined exercise training mitigated age‐associated pathological cardiac hypertrophy, reduced oxidative stress, cardiac senescence, and enhanced cardiac function. Upstream stimulatory factor 2 (Usf2) is upregulated in the aged mouse hearts with combined exercise compared to sedentary mice. In the human cardiomyocytes senescent model, overexpression of Usf2 led to anti‐senescence effects, while knockdown of Usf2 exacerbated cellular senescence. The results suggest that a combination of endurance and resistance exercises, such as swimming and resistance running, can mitigate age‐related pathological cardiac remodeling and cardiac dysfunction in late life. These cardioprotective effects are likely due to the activation of Usf2 and its anti‐senescence effect. Therefore, Usf2 can potentially be a novel therapeutic target for mitigating age‐related cardiac dysfunction.

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Effects of Resistance, Endurance, and Concurrent Exercise on Training Outcomes in Men

Abstract: Concurrent training performed by young, healthy men does not interfere with strength development, but may hinder development of maximal aerobic capacity.

Cited by 142 publications

References 24 publications

Resistance training induced increase in VO2max in young and older subjects

Resistance training induced increase in VO2max in young and older subjects

Efeitos do treinamento de resistência de força com alto número de repetições no consumo máximo de oxigênio e limiar ventilatório de mulheres

Combined Endurance and Resistance Exercise Mitigates Age‐Associated Cardiac Dysfunction

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