Effects of repeat consumption on pleasantness, preference and intake

Abstract

The pleasantness of a food declines with consumption and this phenomenon has been demonstrated reliably in the short-term. To investigate long-term effects of repeat consumption on pleasantness, preference and intake, 21 volunteers consumed either a salty snack (french fries) or sweet snack (chocolate) every day for 15 days. Four dependent variables were measured: pleasantness ratings, ranked preference, frequency of consumption and ad libitum intake. Daily pleasantness of taste ratings decreased across the exposure period only for chocolate. Ranked preference for chocolate declined during the sweet snack condition and increased during the salty snack condition. Preference for french fries remained the same during the salty snack condition and increased during the sweet snack condition. Frequency of consuming chocolate outside the laboratory decreased during the sweet snack exposure. No such pattern was found for french fries in either condition. Ad libitum intake in the laboratory remained the same over time for both foods. Short-term sensory-specific satiety within the eating episode was consistent over time. Therefore, long-term monotony effects were found only for pleasantness, preference and frequency of eating chocolate following repeated exposure, but these changes had no impact on ad libitum intake. Systematic, repeat exposure to a single food provides a useful paradigm for investigating the development of monotony.

Effects of chronic peanut consumption on energy balance and hedonics

“…A recent repeat exposure study reported a decline in preference ratings with consumption of a sweet high-fat snack food (chocolate) for 15 days but no change with a salty high fat snack food (fries). 20 The peanuts used in this study were salty and high in fat which may have contributed to the observed stability of pleasantness ratings.…”

“…19 -21 Repeated consumption of a salty, high-fat snack (fries) did not diminish pleasantness ratings while a decline was noted after regular exposure to a sweet high fat snack (chocolate). 20 Thus, regular peanut consumption may lead to decreased acceptance due to monotony or, alternatively, hedonics may be preserved due to high initial acceptance or sensory profile. This study examined the effects of chronic peanut consumption on hedonic ratings for peanuts and other snack foods varying in their predominant taste qualities.…”

“…This is in contrast to a study over 15 days, that reported an increase in preference ratings for sweet foods after repeat exposure to a salty food. 20 In our study, participants were provided with recipes and encouraged to incorporate peanuts into their background diet rather than consuming them in the laboratory as an isolated snack. This may have altered the strictly salty sensory experience from the nuts and account for the discrepancy with previously published results.…”

Sweet taste exposure and the subsequent acceptance and preference for sweet taste in the diet: systematic review of the published literature

“…In all other studies, exposure to other sweet foods were simultaneously permitted in all groups and conditions. Measured outcomes of relevance to our research question were: liking or pleasantness of sweet foods (other than those in the exposure manipulation) (28,30,32), appetite for sweet foods (28), explicit wanting or demanding sweet foods (19,28), implicit wanting sweet foods (29), preferences for sweet foods (28,(30)(31)(32) or sweetness concentrations (20), and intake of sweet foods (19,(28)(29)(30).…”

“…Methodologic details of these studies are given in Table 3. 30). In the between-subjects studies, children and adults were randomly assigned to 8 d exposure to ≤200 mL sweetened beverages (20) (32).…”