Effects of reformer gas addition on the laminar flame speeds and flammability limits of n-butane and iso-butane flames

Sung, Chih-Jen; Huang, Yimin; Eng, J. A.

doi:10.1016/s0010-2180(01)00284-x

Cited by 71 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The influence of equivalence ratio on the unstretched laminar burning velocity is the same for present work and the other methods like heat flux method, but the value of laminar burning velocity of present work is higher than those obtained by heat flux method of 3-5% and lower of 6% than that obtained by Sung et al [15] which is calculated by using computational study. Furthermore, the present results are slightly lower than the data of n-butaneair mixtures obtained by Davis et al [10] and in good agreement with n-butane data of Kelley et al [8].…”

Section: Stretched Flame Propagation Speeds and Laminar Burning Velocitysupporting

confidence: 58%

An Experimental Measurement on Laminar Burning Velocities and Markstein Length of Iso-Butane-Air Mixtures at Ambient Conditions

Yousif

Sulaiman

Nasif

2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. In the present work, experimental investigation on laminar combustion of iso-butane-air mixtures was conducted in constant volume explosion vessel. The experiments were conducted at wide range of equivalence ratios ranging between Ф = 0.6 and 1.4 and atmospheric pressure of 0.1 MPa and ambient temperature of 303K. Using spherically expanding flame method, flame parameters including stretched, unstretched flame propagation speeds, laminar burning velocities and Markstein length were calculated. For laminar burning velocities the method of error bars of 95% confidence level was applied. In addition, values of Markstein lengths were measured in wide range of equivalence ratios to study the influence of stretch rate on flame instability and burning velocity. It was found that the stretched flame speed and laminar burning velocities increased with equivalence ratios and the peak value was obtained at equivalence ratio of Ф = 1.1. The Markstein length decreased with the increases in equivalence ratios, which indicates that the diffusion thermal flame instability increased at high equivalence ratios in richer mixture side. However, the total deviations in the laminar burning velocities have discrepancies of 1.2-2.9% for all investigated mixtures.

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Section: Stretched Flame Propagation Speeds and Laminar Burning Velocitysupporting

confidence: 58%

An Experimental Measurement on Laminar Burning Velocities and Markstein Length of Iso-Butane-Air Mixtures at Ambient Conditions

Yousif

Sulaiman

Nasif

2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

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“…The reason could well be that the addition concentration is not high enough in order to observe any difference. Sung et al [14] observed a decreased laminar speed (overall reactivity) at pressures higher than 5 atm (higher concentrations). In an engine, a higher overall reactivity would be expressed by a decreasing ignition delay.…”

Section: The Effect Of Co On the Auto-ignition Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of CO on the auto-ignition process is not quite clear in the literature and sometimes even contradictory. The effect of the addition of CO to n-butane and iso-butane entering a port-fuel injected spark-ignition engine has been investigated by Sung et al [14].…”

Section: The Global Effects Of Co No and Ch 2 O On The Auto-ignitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental and numerical investigation on the influence of external gas recirculation on the HCCI autoignition process in an engine: Thermal, diluting, and chemical effects

Machrafi

Cavadias

Guibert

2008

Combustion and Flame

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In order to contribute to the solution of controlling the auto-ignition in a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine, parameters linked to External Gas Recirculation (EGR) seem to be of particular interest. Experiments performed with EGR present some difficulties in interpreting results using only the diluting and thermal aspect of EGR. Lately, the chemical aspect of EGR is taken more into consideration, because this aspect causes a complex interaction with the dilution and thermal aspects of EGR. This paper studies the influence of EGR on the auto-ignition process and particularly the chemical aspect of EGR.The diluents present in EGR are simulated by N 2 and CO 2 , with dilution factors going from 0 to 46 vol%. For the chemically active species that could be present in EGR, the species CO, The fuels used for the auto-ignition are n-heptane and PRF40. It appeared that CO, in the investigated domain, did not influence the ignition delays, while NO had two different effects.At concentrations up until 45 ppm, NO advanced the ignition delays for the PRF40 and at higher concentrations, the ignition delayed. The influence of NO on the auto-ignition of nheptane seemed to be insignificant, probably due to the higher burn rate of n-heptane. CH 2 O seemed to delay the ignition. The results suggested that especially the formation of OH radicals or their consumption by the chemical additives determine how the reactivity of the auto-ignition changed.

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“…For this purpose, several physical parameters that affect the quality of the HCCI combustion and the ignition delay have been studied in the literature [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]: mixture homogeneity, inlet temperature of air and fuel, fuel composition and kinetics of the fuel oxidation at lower temperatures. Since the operating conditions of an HCCI engine are dependent on the fuel that is to be used, special attention is given to fuel auto-ignition research, both experimentally and numerically: primary reference fuels (PRF) [2], aliphatic hydrocarbons [4,5,12,13], aromatics [7,8], light hydrocarbons and gaseous fuels [14][15][16][17], diesel fuels [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and gasoline fuels [25][26][27], to mention a few. Before any alternative fuels will be used, the use of conventional fuels, such as gasoline and diesel, in HCCI engines is of importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-stage autoignition of gasoline in an HCCI engine: An experimental and chemical kinetic modeling investigation

Machrafi

Cavadias

2008

Combustion and Flame

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The alternative HCCI combustion mode presents a possible means for decreasing the pollution with respect to the conventional gasoline or diesel engines, while maintaining the efficiency of a diesel engine or even increasing it. This paper investigates the possibility of using gasoline in an HCCI engine and analyses the auto-ignition of gasoline in such an engine. The compression ratio that has been used is 13.5, keeping the inlet temperature at 70 °C, varying the equivalence ratio from 0.3 to 0.54 and the EGR (represented by N 2 ) ratio from 0 to 37 vol%. For comparison, a PRF95 and a surrogate containing 11 vol% n-heptane, 59vol% iso-octane and 30 vol% toluene are used. A previously validated kinetic surrogate mechanism is used to analyze the experiments and to yield possible explanations to kinetic phenomena. From this work, it seems quite possible to use the high octane-rated gasoline for auto-ignition purposes, even at lean inlet conditions. Furthermore, it appeared that gasoline and its surrogate, unlike PRF95, shows a three-stage auto-ignition. Since the PRF95 does not contain toluene, it is suggested by the kinetic mechanism that the benzyl radical, issued from toluene, causes this so-defined "obstructed pre-ignition" and delaying thereby the final ignition for gasoline and its surrogate. The results of the kinetic mechanism supporting this explanation are shown in this paper.

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Effects of reformer gas addition on the laminar flame speeds and flammability limits of n-butane and iso-butane flames

Cited by 71 publications

References 15 publications

An Experimental Measurement on Laminar Burning Velocities and Markstein Length of Iso-Butane-Air Mixtures at Ambient Conditions

An Experimental Measurement on Laminar Burning Velocities and Markstein Length of Iso-Butane-Air Mixtures at Ambient Conditions

An experimental and numerical investigation on the influence of external gas recirculation on the HCCI autoignition process in an engine: Thermal, diluting, and chemical effects

Three-stage autoignition of gasoline in an HCCI engine: An experimental and chemical kinetic modeling investigation

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