Effects of reduced salinities on development and bioenergetics of early larval shore crab, Carcinus maenas

Anger, Klaus; Spivak, Eduardo D.; Luppi, Tomás Atilio

doi:10.1016/s0022-0981(97)00110-x

Cited by 94 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Growth and elemental composition are classic parameters to investigate effects of abiotic factors on the development of crustacean larvae (Anger et al 1998). So far, a PCO 2 -induced decrease in dry weight has only been found in late developmental stages (Arnold et al 2009;Walther et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From moult to moult, the larvae undergo growth and/or morphological changes (Anger 1983), which are accompanied by changing rates of oxygen consumption depending on larval stage, day of development and, accordingly, day within the moulting cycle (Anger et al 1989;Anger 2001). Metabolic requirements of crustacean larval development with respect to abiotic factors like temperature and salinity have been studied in detail Anger et al 1998). However, ongoing ocean acidification may entail new challenges for successful development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tolerance of Hyas araneus zoea I larvae to elevated seawater PCO2 despite elevated metabolic costs

et al. 2012

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Early life stages of marine crustaceans respond sensitively to elevated seawater PCO 2 . However, the underlying physiological mechanisms have not been studied well. We therefore investigated the effects of elevated seawater PCO 2 on oxygen consumption, dry weight, elemental composition, median developmental time (MDT) and mortality in zoea I larvae of the spider crab Hyas araneus (Svalbard 79°N/11°E; collection, May 2009; hatch, December 2009). At the time of moulting, oxygen consumption rate had reached a steady state level under control conditions. In contrast, elevated seawater PCO 2 caused the metabolic rate to rise continuously leading to a maximum 1.5-fold increase beyond control level a few days before moulting into the second stage (zoea II), followed by a pronounced decrease. Dry weight of larvae reared under high CO 2 conditions was lower than in control larvae at the beginning of the moult cycle, yet this difference had disappeared at the time of moulting. MDT of zoea I varied between 45 ± 1 days under control conditions and 42 ± 2 days under the highest seawater CO 2 concentration. The present study indicates that larval development under elevated seawater PCO 2 levels results in higher metabolic costs during premoulting events in zoea I. However, H. araneus zoea I larvae seem to be able to compensate for higher metabolic costs as larval MDT and survival was not affected by elevated PCO 2 levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance of Hyas araneus zoea I larvae to elevated seawater PCO2 despite elevated metabolic costs

et al. 2012

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“…In LE experiments, the larvae were exposed to reduced salinities from postmoult (stage A of Drach's classification system; see Drach, 1939) through intermoult (stage C); in SE experiments, by contrast, the exposure occurred exclusively during the stage C of the moulting cycle. During postmoult and early intermoult, a strong accumulation of biomass occurs in decapod crustacean larvae (Anger, 1991;Anger and Ismael, 1997;Anger et al, 1998). Significantly reduced rates of growth and survival have been detected when decapod crustacean larvae were exposed during the initial stages of the moulting cycle to osmotic or nutritional stress (Anger and Dawirs, 1982;Dawirs, 1986;Anger, 1987;Anger et al, 1998;Giménez, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They typically show a high percentage of protein (>30%), followed by lipids (<20%), chitin (<15%) and free carbohydrates (<5%). Variation is due to differential phylogenetic position and variation in environmental factors such as temperature (Dawirs and Dietrich, 1986;Anger, 1987), food availability (Anger and Dawirs, 1982;Dawirs, 1986Dawirs, , 1987Harms et al, 1991Harms et al, , 1994, and salinity (Pfaff, 1997;Anger et al, 1998Anger et al, , 2000. Temperature, for instance, may affect the reserves accumulated during growth through simultaneous but not always equal changes in instantaneous growth rate and development time (Anger, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pfaff (1997) observed, in the stenohaline larvae of a marine crab, Hyas araneus, that lipid accumulation was affected during development at a reduced salinity (20x ), while the protein content was not affected. In euryhaline Armases miersii larvae, which are capable of osmoregulation early in development , Anger et al (1998) found in a wide range of salinities (e.g. 15 -45xfor zoea 1) a significant accumulation of biomass (measured as carbon content per individual).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of reduced salinity on the biochemical composition (lipid, protein) of zoea 1 decapod crustacean larvae

Torres

Giménez

Anger

2002

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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Effects of reduced salinities on dry weight (DW) and biochemical composition (total lipid and protein contents) of zoea 1 larvae were evaluated in four decapod crustacean species differing in salinity tolerance (Cancer pagurus, Homarus gammarus, Carcinus maenas, Chasmagnathus granulata). The larvae were exposed to two different reduced salinities (15xand 25xin C. granulata, 20x and 25x in the other species) for a long (ca. 50% of the zoea 1 moulting cycle) or a short period (16 h, starting at ca. 40% of the moulting cycle), while a control group was continually maintained in seawater (32x ).In general, the increments in dry weight, lipid and protein content were lower at the reduced salinities than in the control groups. In the zoea 1 of H. gammarus (stenohaline) and C. pagurus (most probably also stenohaline), the lipid and protein contents varied greatly among treatments: larvae exposed to low salinities exhibited very low lipid and protein contents at the end of the experiments compared to the controls. In some cases, there were negative growth increments, i.e. the larvae had, after the experimental exposure, lower lipid and protein contents than at the beginning of the experiment. C. maenas (moderately euryhaline) showed a lower variation in protein and lipid content than the above species. The zoea 1 of C. granulata (fairly euryhaline) showed the lowest variability in dry weight, protein and lipid content. Since salinity tolerance (eury-v. stenohalinity) is associated with the osmoregulatory capacity, our results suggest a relationship between the capability for osmoregulation and the degree of change in the biochemical composition of larvae exposed to variable salinities. Besides larval growth of these species should be affected by natural reductions of salinity occurring in coastal areas at different time scales. These effects may be potentially important for population dynamics since they should influence the number and quality of larvae reaching metamorphosis. D

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An environmental gradient dominates ecological and genetic differentiation of marine invertebrates between the North and Baltic Sea

Geburzi

Homberger

Kabus

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Environmental gradients have emerged as important barriers to structuring populations and species distributions. We set out to test whether the strong salinity gradient from the marine North Sea to the brackish Baltic Sea in northern Europe represents an ecological and genetic break, and to identify life history traits that correlate with the strength of this break. We accumulated mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 sequence data, and data on the distribution, salinity tolerance, and life history for 28 species belonging to the Cnidaria, Crustacea, Echinodermata, Mollusca, Polychaeta, and Gastrotricha. We included seven non‐native species covering a broad range of times since introduction, in order to gain insight into the pace of adaptation and differentiation. We calculated measures of genetic diversity and differentiation across the environmental gradient, coalescent times, and migration rates between North and Baltic Sea populations, and analyzed correlations between genetic and life history data. The majority of investigated species is either genetically differentiated and/or adapted to the lower salinity conditions of the Baltic Sea. Species exhibiting population structure have a range of patterns of genetic diversity in comparison with the North Sea, from lower in the Baltic Sea to higher in the Baltic Sea, or equally diverse in North and Baltic Sea. Two of the non‐native species showed signs of genetic differentiation, their times since introduction to the Baltic Sea being about 80 and >700 years, respectively. Our results indicate that the transition from North Sea to Baltic Sea represents a genetic and ecological break: The diversity of genetic patterns points toward independent trajectories in the Baltic compared with the North Sea, and ecological differences with regard to salinity tolerance are common. The North Sea–Baltic Sea region provides a unique setting to study evolutionary adaptation during colonization processes at different stages by jointly considering native and non‐native species.

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Effects of reduced salinities on development and bioenergetics of early larval shore crab, Carcinus maenas

Cited by 94 publications

References 33 publications

Tolerance of Hyas araneus zoea I larvae to elevated seawater PCO2 despite elevated metabolic costs

Tolerance of Hyas araneus zoea I larvae to elevated seawater PCO2 despite elevated metabolic costs

Effects of reduced salinity on the biochemical composition (lipid, protein) of zoea 1 decapod crustacean larvae

An environmental gradient dominates ecological and genetic differentiation of marine invertebrates between the North and Baltic Sea

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