Effects of red clover (Trifolium pratense) isoflavones on the lipid profile of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women—A systematic review and meta-analysis

Kanadys, Wiesław; Barańska, Agnieszka; Jędrych, Marian; Religioni, Urszula; Janiszewska, Mariola

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.11.001

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Previous trials for menopausal women showed beneficial effects of RC ingestion on such issues as reduction of hot flash frequency, serum LDL cholesterol, and bone mineral density loss (Ghazanfarpour et al., 2016; Kanadys et al., 2020; Lambert et al., 2017). The present study shows a novel effect of RC on blood glucose.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its sprouts have long been used as a vegetable, such as in salads. As with other legumes, RC is rich in isoflavones with various beneficial health effects, most notably for menopausal symptoms (Ghazanfarpour et al., 2016; Kanadys et al., 2020). RC sprouts have been reported to be rich in formononetin as their major isoflavone and second in biochanin A (Yokoyama et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of isoflavone‐rich red clover extract on blood glucose level: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

Masuda¹,

Ino²,

Hirai³

et al. 2021

Journal of Food Science

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High blood glucose is associated with increased risk of various diseases. Red clover (RC; Trifolium pratense L.) is an edible legume whose sprout is rich in isoflavones such as formononetin and biochanin A. We examined the effects of RC extract on postprandial and fasting blood glucose level, using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 36 participants, aged 25 to 64 years, who were randomly assigned to receive either 1.91 g of RC extract (containing 8 mg formononetin and 1.8 mg biochanin A) or placebo. Each participant ingested the assigned test food daily for 8 weeks, and at the oral maltose tolerance test (OMTT). Initially, the two groups did not significantly differ in OMTT results. However, fasting insulin levels at 8 weeks were significantly lower in the RC group (4.76 μIU/ml at Week 0 to 4.01 μIU/ml at Week 8) with a significant interaction (P = 0.046). Subgroup analysis showed that change in blood glucose level (blood glucose ΔC) tended to decrease late in the trial period during OMTT in the ≤50-year-old RC group, as did fasting blood glucose and insulin levels at 8 weeks; hemoglobin A1c was also significantly reduced in this subgroup (5.36% at Week 0 to 5.28% at Week 8) with a significant interaction (P = 0.040). These results suggest that the daily intake of RC could reduce blood glucose, particularly for those ≤50 years old. Formononetin-an α-glucosidase inhibitor-is considered to be the major functional molecule for these effects. Therefore, intake of RC that contains formononetin might help blood glucose control.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of isoflavone‐rich red clover extract on blood glucose level: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

Masuda¹,

Ino²,

Hirai³

et al. 2021

Journal of Food Science

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“…Hence they have a protective effect against PCOS and hormone-dependent cancers. As isoflavones are major phenolic compounds found in addition to phytoestrogens in red clover, probably play important role of red clover in the prevention and treatment of PCOS (18).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Red clover isoflavones are estrogen receptor beta, strong agonists. They have selective estrogen receptor modulator potential and consequence, display a positive effect on menopausal symptoms (18). In addition, isoflavones belong to phytoestrogen class are useful for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, menopausal symptoms, and even cancer (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic efficacy of Trifolium pratense L. on letrozole induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats

et al. 2020

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is considered as one of the leading endocrine disorders during reproductive age in women. This study designed to determine the therapeutic effects of red clover (Trifolium pratense) on letrozole-induced PCOS in vivo. Forty female Sprague–Dawley rats were equally divided into five groups. Control group with a regular sexual cycle received normal saline (letrozole vehicle). Letrozole (1 mg/kg) was used to induce the PCOS to the rats in the treatment groups. After induction of PCOS, four treatment groups received the normal saline, or clomiphene citrate (1 mg/kg), or red clover extracts (500 or 750 mg/kg) for 30-days. After treatment, ovary and uterus were removed, weighed, and the ovaries were subjected to histopathological studies. Serum testosterone and estradiol levels, antioxidant activities, and lipid profiles were evaluated. Red clover extracts and clomiphene citrate decreased testosterone levels and showed a significant increase in estradiol levels in comparison to PCOS induced group (p<0.05). Red clover administration restored the GSH, SOD and CAT levels (p<0.05) and decreased the NO and MDA levels (p<0.05). Treatments caused no significant change in levels of TG, TC, and FBG factors when compared to PCOS induced group (P>0.05). However, red clover (750 mg/kg) significantly increased HDL and decreased LDL levels when compared to PCOS induced group (P<0.05). Treatment with red clover reduced ovarian weight, volumes of ovarian, medulla, cortex and number of cysts and increased number of oocytes compared to PCOS group. Both red clover and clomiphene citrate could treat the letrozole induced PCOS in rats; however, red clover indicated antioxidant activities more than clomiphene citrate. Red clover may be used for discovering anti-PCOS drugs with lower side effects.

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“…Isoflavones are a subclass of flavonoids and the most common phytoestrogens 16,17 . Biological activities of isoflavones present in dietary supplements have been widely studied, 18‐20 for example, isoflavone impact on the health of postmenopausal women 21,22 . Isoflavones prevent bone resorption, 23‐25 moreover they increase the efficacy and prevent the adverse effects of cancer chemotherapy and radiation therapy 26,27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of isoflavones in the extract of supplements for menopause symptoms by direct infusion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

Beszterda

Frański

2020

Analytical Science Advances

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In recent years high consumption of dietary supplements has been observed. However, the consumption of dietary supplements may lead to the unexpected side effects that can be related to the number of adulterated supplements quite often marketed. It has prompted the search for a fast and reliable method of identification of main active compounds in the supplements. In this study, the isoflavones present in the methanol extracts of dietary supplements for menopause symptoms were identified by using direct infusion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The product ion spectra of [M-H] − ions derived from the extracts matched very well those obtained for standard compounds. Daidzein, genistein, and glycitein were identified in the soybased supplements, while daidzein, formononetin, and biochanin A were identified in the red clover-based ones. The respective [M+Na] + ions were also detected; however, their product ion spectra did not allow isoflavone identification. It can be concluded that the main isoflavones present in the extracts of dietary supplements can be successfully and quickly identified by using the direct infusion electrospray ionization in negative ion mode, followed by the tandem mass spectrometry experiment.

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Effects of red clover (Trifolium pratense) isoflavones on the lipid profile of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women—A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 26 publications

References 54 publications

Effects of isoflavone‐rich red clover extract on blood glucose level: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

Effects of isoflavone‐rich red clover extract on blood glucose level: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

Therapeutic efficacy of Trifolium pratense L. on letrozole induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats

Identification of isoflavones in the extract of supplements for menopause symptoms by direct infusion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

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