Effects of rearing condition on activity‐induced weight loss

Ness, James W.; Marshall, Timothy R.; Aravich, Paul F.

doi:10.1002/dev.420280304

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…These results are in agreement with previous studies, which reported similar changes in female Sprague-Dawley rats (Hermes et al, 2011;Ness et al, 1995). Although we have not found changes in body weight in adulthood induced by the perinatal MK-801 injection, treated rats showed less weight when weighed at P21.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

A “double hit” murine model for schizophrenia shows alterations in the structure and neurochemistry of the medial prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus

Gilabert-Juan

Bellés

Saez

et al. 2013

Neurobiology of Disease

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

A “double hit” murine model for schizophrenia shows alterations in the structure and neurochemistry of the medial prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus

Gilabert-Juan

Bellés

Saez

et al. 2013

Neurobiology of Disease

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“…The standard ABA procedure, whereby rats live continuously in the equipment, ensures such isolation. When rats were given only limited access to a wheel each day and were otherwise housed either in group or individual cages, weight loss was more pronounced in the individually housed rats (Boakes & Dwyer, 1997; see also Ness, Marshall, & Aravich, 1995; Paré, Vincent, & Natelson, 1985). This suggests that the weight loss generated by the standard ABA procedure is accentuated by the isolation the procedure imposes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the relationship between activity and weight loss in the rat.

Boakes¹,

Mills²,

Single³

1999

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Access to a running wheel combined with restricted feeding produced body weight loss at an equivalent rate in male and female litter-mate rats (Experiment 1). Thus, despite weighing less and running more, females were not more vulnerable to this procedure. When factors influencing weight loss were varied, no sex difference was found in adaptation to a new feeding schedule or in the effect of single versus group housing (Experiment 2). The apparent critical difference was that body weight loss increased running in males but not in females (Experiment 3). In all rats, rapid recovery of body weight occurred when food access was no longer restricted (Experiment 1), suggesting that "activity-based anorexia" is a misnomer for weight loss by rats in a running wheel.

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“…After 6 weeks of social isolation started at PND21, neither thymus nor body weights were affected [36]. Five-week social isolation in Sprague Dawley rats starting at PND24 decreased body weights and increased thymus weights in the rats [39]. Cruz et al [103] found a reduction in male Wistar rats' body weights after 3 weeks of social isolation started at PND28.…”

Section: Serum Corticosterone Concentrations and Thymus Spleen And Adrenal Weightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adrenal glands (the adrenal cortex) secrete CORT into the blood and regulate basal and functional hormonal levels [101]. The changes in their relative weight in socially isolated rats are sex-dependent: In male rats, there were no differences in adrenal gland weights (after 5, 6, and 8 weeks of social isolation in Wistar and Sprague Dawley rat lines) [36][37][38][39][40], while in females, the weights of the adrenal glands increased (13 and 14 weeks of social isolation in hooded and Wistar rats) [35,37]. Our results are in good agreement with these data.…”

Section: Serum Corticosterone Concentrations and Thymus Spleen And Adrenal Weightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged Social Isolation, Started Early in Life, Impairs Cognitive Abilities in Rats Depending on Sex

2020

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Background: The chronic stress of social isolation is a valid predictor of cognitive pathology. This study aimed to compare the effects of long-term social isolation on female versus male Wistar rats’ learning and memory. We hypothesized that prolonged social isolation stress, which starts early in life, would affect learning in a sex-dependent manner. Methods: Social isolation started at the edge of early to mid-adolescence and lasted 9 months. The rat’s cognitive abilities were assessed by habituation and reactivity to novelty in the open field (OF) test, spatial memory in the Morris water maze (MWM), and the conditioned passive avoidance (PA) reflex. Basal serum corticosterone levels were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Regardless of the housing conditions, females habituated to the OF under low illumination slower than males. Under bright light, the single-housed rats showed hyporeactivity to novelty. In the MWM, all the rats learned to locate the platform; however, on the first training day, the single-housed females’ speed was lower relative to other groups. Four months later, in the post-reminder probe trial, the single-housed rats reached the area around the platform site later, and only males, regardless of housing conditions, preferred the target quadrant. Single-housed rats, irrespective of sex, showed a PA deficit. There was a more pronounced conditioned fear in the single-housed males than in females. In both male and female rats, basal corticosterone levels in rat blood serum after 9 months of social isolation did not differ from that in the group-housed rats of the corresponding sex. Meanwhile, females’ basal corticosterone level was higher than in males, regardless of the housing conditions. The relative weight of the adrenal glands was increased only in single-housed females. Conclusions: Under long-term social isolation, started early in life, single-housed females compared with males showed more pronounced cognitive impairments in the MWM and PA paradigm, findings that specify their greater vulnerability to the stress of prolonged social isolation.

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Effects of rearing condition on activity‐induced weight loss

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

A “double hit” murine model for schizophrenia shows alterations in the structure and neurochemistry of the medial prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus

A “double hit” murine model for schizophrenia shows alterations in the structure and neurochemistry of the medial prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus

Sex differences in the relationship between activity and weight loss in the rat.

Prolonged Social Isolation, Started Early in Life, Impairs Cognitive Abilities in Rats Depending on Sex

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